Ch 27/32: Seedless Plants

Question 0

Reptiles: Class Reptilia
what animals are included, what animal should be included to make it a monophyletic
- what type of fertilization do they use

Answer 0

dinosaurs turtles lizards snakes alligators. Should include Birds
- reproduction: internal fertilization, protective shell around egg

Question 1

Terrestrial Vertebrates: Amniotes

• what types of animals are included
• what important land adaptation do they have, define it
• what are the 2 main groups?

Answer 1

• include reptiles birds mammals
• have amniotic egg: with shell and amnion(membrane around embryo
• main groups: Diapsids(reptiles/birds-2 holes in skull) and Synapsid (mammals)

Question 2

2 Charateristics of Reptile reproduction, and 2 general characteristics

Answer 2

• leathery protective shel
• embryo develops protective membranes including amnion
• Dry skin with scales
• Lungs with many chambers

Question 3

Birds:
what char. is unique to birds, what does this do for them(all)
- what is an important adaptation for powered flight

Answer 3

Feathers - endotherms (internal generation of heat, high metabolic rate)
Adaptation for flight: “one way” air flow through respiratory system

Question 4

Mammals: 6 unique characteristics

Answer 4

hair
mammary glands
differentiated teeth
3 middle-ear bones
highly developed nervous system and muscular diaphragm
Endotherms (originated independently from birds)

Question 5

What type of animals are Monotremes, whats unique about them

Answer 5

Duck-billed platypus and Spiny anteaters

- lay eggs

Question 6

Marsupials: include what animals

how are they born and go through development

Answer 6

• kangaroos and opossums
• born in embryonic stage
• complete development in mother’s marsupium

Question 7

Placental Animals: characterized by what for exchange between embryo and mother

Answer 7

Placenta

Question 8

Which groups belong with the land plants in the “plants in the broad sense?”

Answer 8

Red and Green Algae

Question 9

Plants: based on the presence of____from____ ______

Answer 9

chloroplasts from Primary endosymbiosis( bounded by 1 inner and 1 outer membrane)

Question 10

5 Diagnostic Characters of land plants

Answer 10

1. multicellular eukaryote
2. photosynthesis or nonfunctional chloroplasts
3. cell wall made of cellulose
4. alternation of generations
5. embryo protected within mother plant

Question 11

Colonization of plants by land require anatomical, physiological, and reproductive adaptations including…(2, what are they and what are they used for)

Answer 11

Cuticle: a way Covering over the aetial outer surfaces of plants
- protects against water loss
Stomata(Stoma): Pores on the aerial outer surfaces of plants
- for gas exchange needed for photosynthesis

Question 12

Alternation of Generations in plants include a multicellular haploid_____ and a multicellular diploid_____
- what do each produce in what and by meiosis or mitosis?

Answer 12

Multicellular Gametophyte - produces gametes in Gametangia by Mitosis

Multicellular Sporophyte - produces spores in sporangia by meiosis

Question 13

What are the Gametangia: what are the 2 types and what do they form

Answer 13

structure in which gametes are formed

• Antheridia: produce sperm
• Archegonia: produce eggs

Question 14

Which group is Nonvascular, has a dominant gametophyte (haploid) generation, and the sporophytes remain permanently attached because they do no develop true roots or leaves

Answer 14

Bryophytes

Question 15

What types of plants are Bryophytes(3)

Answer 15

Mosses
Liverworts
Hornworts

Question 16

Club mosses and ferns have dominant _____generation

- have true stems, Most ave true roots and leaves

Answer 16

Sporophyte

Question 17

What does xylem do

Answer 17

Conducts water and dissolves minerals

Question 18

Phloem conducts…

Answer 18

Dissolved sugar

Question 19

Lignin

Answer 19

Second most abundant organic compound n earth( after cellulose)
Gives vascular tissues rigidity (woody/ makes wood hard)

Question 20

What are the 2 types of leaves found on Club Mosses

Answer 20

Microphylls- small leaves with a single vascular strand

Strobilus: cone like clusters of productive leaves bearing sporangia