ch 3

Question 1

how does the amount of DNA change through interphase to meiosis?

Answer 1

interphase - doubles (sphase) - M1(divides -1/2) -M2 (divides 1/4)
50-100-50-25

Question 2

how does the amount of chromosomes change through interphase to meiosis?

Answer 2

stays the same in interphase and phase, splits in half in meiosis, and stays constant in M2
4-4-2-2

Question 3

how does DNA change through interphase to mitosis?

Answer 3

-interphase- doubles in phase- returns back in mitosis

Question 4

how does chromosome number change from interphase to mitosis?

Answer 4

does not

Question 5

FISH

Answer 5

• Used to analyze unusual chromosome translocations, trisomies, deletions, etc (Big chunks of DNA/chromosome)


Question 6

Gel/PCR

Answer 6

Used to analyze a known sequence compared to another sequence that has a deletion or insertion that gel electrophoresis can pick up and differentiate. (Fast and easy)


Question 7

cDNA libraries-

Answer 7

Used to analyze a tissue type.
- IE: I want to analyze a mutant protein coming from the eye. I will isolate eye cells and their produced mRNA (eye mRNA produces the proteins for eyes), and then convert the mRNA into a cDNA library where I can analyze these cDNA to the wt cDNA using a microarray to compare the mutant to wt. This is super great because you only analyze sequences where eye enhancersare located instead of needing to analyze the whole genome. (Slower than gel, but much faster than sequencing the whole genome).


Question 8

Sequencing (Sanger/Next-gen)-

Answer 8

Sequencing of the genome takes the longest to analyze because there are so many nts in the genome, and we must look for a small proportion of the genome that is mutated.
-analyze the whole genome or there is no other way to analyze. Next-gen is just a faster sequencing method than sanger.

Question 9

on the Sanger sequence what impact does ddctp? dctp? how does size change?

Answer 9

-ddctp decides the endings so removing it means you have no peaks for that letter
-dctp - removing it keeps that first base but the rest of the graph is gone
-size increases left to right

Question 10

Law of segregation:

Answer 10

each gamete carries one allele for each gene

Question 11

Law of independent assortment:

Answer 11

segregation of alleles occurs independently of each other