CH 3 Medical Term

Question 1

acetabulum

Answer 1

the cavity or depression on the lateral surface of the innominate bone (hip bone)

Question 2

allogenic

Answer 2

having a different genetic constitution but belonging to the same species

Question 3

ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 3

a form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae

Question 4

arthrodesis

Answer 4

a surgical procedure to stiffen a joint

Question 5

arthrolysis

Answer 5

surgical loosening of an ankylosed joint

Question 6

arthroscopy

Answer 6

visual examination of the internal structure of a joint using an arthroscope

Question 7

autologous

Answer 7

originating within an individual

Question 8

chondroma

Answer 8

a slow-growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells

Question 9

chondromalacia

Answer 9

abnormal softening of the cartilage

Question 10

comminuted fracture

Answer 10

a fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed

Question 11

compression fracture

Answer 11

a fracture in which the bone is pressed together on itself

Question 12

costochondritis

Answer 12

an inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum

Question 13

craniostenosis

Answer 13

a malformation of the skull due to the premature closure of the cranial sutures

Question 14

crepitation

Answer 14

the grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together

Question 15

dual x-ray absorptiometry

Answer 15

a low-exposure radiographic measurement of the spine and hips to measure bone density

Question 16

fibrous dysplasia

Answer 16

a bone disorder of unknown cause that destroys normal bone structure and replaces it with fibrous (scar-like) tissue

Question 17

hallux valgus

Answer 17

an abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe

Question 18

hemarthrosis

Answer 18

blood within the joint

Question 19

hemopoietic

Answer 19

blood cell production

Question 20

internal fixation

Answer 20

fracture treatment in which pins or a plate are placed directly into the bone to hold the broken piece in place

Question 21

juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 21

an autoimmune disorder affecting children aged 16 years or less, with symptoms that include stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth, and fatigue

Question 22

kyphosis

Answer 22

an abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side

Question 23

laminectomy

Answer 23

the surgical removal of a lamina from a vertebra

Question 24

lordosis

Answer 24

an abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spin

Question 25

lumbago

Answer 25

pain of the lumbar region of the spine

Question 26

malleolus

Answer 26

the protuberance on both sides of the ankle joint

Question 27

manubrium

Answer 27

an anatomical process or part shaped like a handle

Question 28

metacarpals

Answer 28

the bones of the metacarpus (hand)

Question 29

metatarsals

Answer 29

any of the bones of the metatarsus (foot)

Question 30

myeloma

Answer 30

a type of cancer that occurs in blood-making cells of the red bone marrow

Question 31

open fracture

Answer 31

a fracture in which the bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin

Question 32

orthopedic surgeon

Answer 32

is a medical specialist who focuses on injuries and diseases affecting your musculoskeletal system (bones, muscles, joints and soft tissues)

Question 33

orthotic

Answer 33

a mechanical appliance, such a leg brace or splint , that is specially designed to control, correct, or compensate for impaired limb function

Question 34

osteitis

Answer 34

inflammation of bone

Question 35

osteoarthritis

Answer 35

the type of arthritis most commonly associated with aging

Question 36

osteochondroma

Answer 36

a benign bony projection covered with cartilage

Question 37

osteoclasis

Answer 37

the surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity

Question 38

osteomalacia

Answer 38

abnormal softening of bones in adults

Question 39

osteomyelitis

Answer 39

inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone

Question 40

osteonecrosis

Answer 40

the death of bone tissue due to an insufficient blood supply

Question 41

osteopenia

Answer 41

thinner that average bone density

Question 42

osteoporosis

Answer 42

a marked loss of bone density and an increase in bone porosity that is frequently associated with aging

Question 43

osteoporotic hip fracture

Answer 43

a fracture of a hip weakened by osteoporosis that can occur spontaneously or as the result of a fall

Question 44

osteorrhaphy

Answer 44

surgical suturing or wiring together of bone

Question 45

paget's disease

Answer 45

a bone of unknown cause, characterized by excessive breakdown of bone tissue followed by abnormal bone formation

Question 46

pathologic fracture

Answer 46

occurs when weakened bone breaks under normal strain

Question 47

percutaneous vertebroplasty

Answer 47

treatment of osteoporosis-related compression fractures by injecting bone cement to stabilize compression fractures within the spinal column

Question 48

periostitis

Answer 48

inflammation of the periosteum

Question 49

podiatrist

Answer 49

a health professional specializing in podiatry

Question 50

prothesis

Answer 50

a device designed to replace a missing part of the body or to make a part of the body work better

Question 51

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 51

a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the synovial membranes, and other body tissues, are inflamed and thickened

Question 52

rickets

Answer 52

a deficiency disease occurring in children involving defective bone growth due to vitamin D deficiency

Question 53

scoliosis

Answer 53

an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

Question 54

spina bifida

Answer 54

a congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy in which the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord

Question 55

spiral fracture

Answer 55

a fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart

Question 56

spondylolisthesis

Answer 56

the forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae below it

Question 57

spondylosis

Answer 57

a degenerative disorder that can cause the loss of normal spinal structure and function

Question 58

subluxation

Answer 58

the partial displacement of a bone from its joint

Question 59

synovectomy

Answer 59

the surgical removal of a synovial membrane from a joint

Question 60

vertebrae

Answer 60

the individual bones that stack on top of each other to form the vertebral column, commonly known as the spine