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Flashcards in ch. 3 safety Deck (44)
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1
Q

what type of radiation is hazardous

A

ionizing

2
Q

what happens to the fetus if exposed to radiation from 0-9 days

A

kills fetus

3
Q

what happens to the fetus if exposed to radiation from 10 days-6 weeks

A

deformities or retardation

4
Q

what are the 2 types of biologic damage due to overexposure

A

somatic and genetic

5
Q

what is somatic damage

A

damage done to body within lifetime

6
Q

what are the CS of somatic damage

A

cancer, cataracts, aplastic anemia, sterility

7
Q

what is genetic damage

A

damage or injury to genes of reproductive cells

8
Q

what are the CS of radiation poisening

A

GI flu-like symptoms

9
Q

how can you get radiation dermititis

A

lack of gloves with hands exposed to the beam

10
Q

single exposure to ___rad or __Gy is lethal in humans

A

300;3

11
Q

what does MPD stand for

A

maximum permissible dose

12
Q

amount of radiation a person can recieve in a given period

A

maximum permissible dose

13
Q

who ensures procedures and equipment is adequate

A

NCRP

14
Q

what doe NCRP stand for

A

national committee on radiation protection and measurements

15
Q

what does ALARA stand for

A

as low as reasonably achievable

16
Q

what does rad stand for

A

radiation absorbed dose

17
Q

what are the 2 amounts of radiation received

A

absorbed dose and dose equivalent

18
Q

the quantity of energy given off to matter

A

absorbed dose

19
Q

unit of measurment of absorbed dose

A

Gy; gray

20
Q

quantity of radiation per unit of mass taking into consideration the biologic effect on specific tissue types

A

dose equivelent

21
Q

what is the unit of measurement of dose equivelent

A

Sv; severt

22
Q

what was the old name for Sv

A

rem

23
Q

how many rem =1Sv

A

100

24
Q

MPD per year for non-occupaional individuals

A

0.005Sv/year

25
Q

MPD per year for occupational individuals

A

0.05 Sv/year

26
Q

how can you decrease patient exposure

A

avoid retakes, collimate beam, gonad sheild

27
Q

ability to monitor amount of radiation received

A

dosimetry

28
Q

personal monitoring device

A

dosimeter

29
Q

what is the most common PMD

A

film badge

30
Q

how often is a film badge handed in most commonly

A

monthly

31
Q

what has a charged ion chamber and can be read instantly

A

pocket ionization chamber

32
Q

what are the 2 crystals contained in a thermoluminescent dosimeter

A

calcium fluoride and lithium fluoride

33
Q

what PMD does VTI use

A

instadose

34
Q

where can personnel exposure occur

A

primary beam, secondary radiation, leakage from tube

35
Q

where can scatter come from

A

patient, table, high kVp

36
Q

how often should you visually inspect PPE

A

every use

37
Q

how often should PPE be radiographed

A

annually

38
Q

how much lead is in PPE

A

0.5 mm

39
Q

what gives a “live view” of internal anatomy

A

fluoroscopy

40
Q

what should never be done during fluoroscopy

A

palpate area of interest or replace traditional radiogaphy

41
Q

what cells are most sensitive to adiation

A

growth, gonad, neoplastic, metabalically active

42
Q

what cells react slightly to radiation

A

bone, lymph, dermis, hemapoitic

43
Q

what are the 6 safe operating procedures

A

technique chart, positioning aids, PPE, docimiter, emergancy plan, quality control

44
Q

what 3 things are required when taking radiographs

A

decrease exposure time, increase distance from source, increase PPE