Ch 3.1 Types of Tissues + Cell Junctions + 3.2 Cell junctions Flashcards
1
Q
Histology
A
- Science that deals with the study of tissues
2
Q
Pathologist
A
- A physician who examines cells and tissues to help other physicians make accurate diagnoses
3
Q
4 Basic types of tissues
A
- Epithelial tissue
- Connective tissue
- Muscular tissue
- Nervous tissue
4
Q
Epithelial tissue
A
- Covers body surfaces
- Lines hollow organs, body cavities, and ducts
- Forms glands
- Allows the body to interact with both its internal and external environments
5
Q
Connective tissue
A
- Protects and supports the body and its organs
- Vascular tissue that distributes all the blood vessels in the body
- Various types of connective tissue bond organs together, store energy reserves as fat, and help provide the body immunity to disease-causing organisms
6
Q
Muscular tissue
A
- Composed of fibers (cells) specialized for contraction and generation of force
- In the process, muscular tissue generates heat that warms the body
7
Q
Nervous tissue
A
- Detects changes in a variety of conditions inside and outside the body and responds by generating electrical signals called nerve impulses that activate muscular contractions and glandular secretions
8
Q
Which tissues, beside cartilage, bone, and blood, are more general in nature and have a wide distribution in the body
A
- epithelial and most types of connective tissue
9
Q
Cell junctions
A
- Contact points between the plasma membranes of tissue cells
10
Q
5 most important types of cell junctions
A
- Tight junctions
- Adhering junctions
- Desmosomes
- Hemidesmosomes
- Gap junctions
11
Q
Tight junctions
A
- Weblike strands of transmembrane proteins that fuse together the outer surfaces of adjacent plasma membranes to seal off passageways between adjacent cells
12
Q
Cells of epithelial tissue that line the stomach, intestines, and urinary bladder have what kind of junctions
A
- tight junctions
- They inhibit the passageway of substances between cells and prevent the contents of these organs from leaking into the blood or surrounding tissues
13
Q
Adhering junctions
A
- Contains plaque, a dense layer of proteins on the inside of the plasma membrane that attaches both to membrane proteins and to microfilaments of the cytoskeleton
- Transmembrane glycoproteins called cadherins join the cells
14
Q
Adhesion belts
A
- Extensive zones formed by adhering junctions which encircle the cell similar to the way a belt encircles your waist
15
Q
Cadherins
A
- Each cadherin inserts into the plaque from the opposite side of the plasma membrane, partially crosses the intercellular space (space between cells), and connects to a cadherin of an adjacent cell
