Ch. 33 The Endocrine System

Question 1

Destruction of the alpha cells of the pancreatic islets would cause loss of which hormone?

Answer 1

Glucagon

Question 2

Insulin is released by which cells of the pancreatic islets?

Answer 2

Beta cells

Question 3

What are hormones regulated through?

Answer 3

Feedback loop

Question 4

What do Endocrine Glands secrete?

Answer 4

Hormones

Question 5

Which hormone produces an increase in HR, RR, & BP?

Answer 5

Epinephrine & norepinephrine

Question 6

What are signs of stress?

Answer 6

Decreased wound healing
Immunosuppression & increased susceptibility to illness
Increased HR & RR
Weight loss

Question 7

What does hyposecretion in ADH result in?

Answer 7

Diabetes insipidus

Question 8

What are both positive and negative feedback loops initiated by?

Answer 8

Stimulus

Question 9

Which endocrine structure is also a part of the diencephalon of the brain?

Answer 9

Hypothalamus

Question 10

The adrenal cortex produces which 2 major hormones?

Answer 10

Aldosterone & Cortisol

Question 11

Oversecretion of the hormone from the adrenal cortex causes which disease?

Answer 11

Cushing Syndrome

Question 12

Which lab test may be performed to diagnose diabetes mellitus?

Answer 12

Hgb A1C levels

Question 13

Which endocrine structure is located just below the larynx?

Answer 13

Thyroid

Question 14

Hormones function by . . .

Answer 14

Regulating chemical reactions within cells

Question 15

Any stimulus that produces stress

Answer 15

Stressor

Question 16

A chemical secreted by a cell that affects the functions of other cells

Answer 16

Hormone

Question 17

A substance that is activated by a hormone-receptor complex and causes enzymes inside a cell to be turned on

Answer 17

G-protein

Question 18

The gland that produces calcitonin

Answer 18

Thyroid gland

Question 19

A hormone made of amino acids or proteins

Answer 19

Nonsteroidal hormone

Question 20

A mechanism that controls hormone levels

Answer 20

Feedback loop

Question 21

A gland that lies between the lungs and above the heart and secretes thymosin

Answer 21

Thymus

Question 22

The ovaries and the testes

Answer 22

Gonads

Question 23

A hormone derived from cholesterol that is soluble in lipids and crosses cell membranes very easily

Answer 23

Steroidal hormones

Question 24

Local hormones that typically do not travel in the bloodstream

Answer 24

Prostaglandins

Question 25

Small glands embedded in the posterior surface of the thyroid gland

Answer 25

Parathyroid glands

Question 26

A small gland located between the cerebral hemispheres that secretes melatonin

Answer 26

Pineal gland

Question 27

A type of ductless gland that secretes substances directly into the bloodstream or target tissue

Answer 27

Endocrine gland

Question 28

Structures in the pancreas that secrete hormones into the bloodstream

Answer 28

Pancreatic islets

Question 29

A type of gland that secretes substances through a duct

Answer 29

Exocrine gland

Question 30

Which bony structure protects the pituitary gland?

Answer 30

Sella turcica

Question 31

What do the alpha cells in the pancreas secrete?

Answer 31

Glucagon

Question 32

Small glands that are embedded within another gland

Answer 32

Parathyroid glands

Question 33

Which disease is also known as hypercortisolism?

Answer 33

Cushing syndrome

Question 34

Which hormones also are known as tissue hormones?

Answer 34

Prostaglandins

Question 35

Hormones from which glands are responsible for T-lymphocyte production?

Answer 35

Thymus

Question 36

Which disease may be congenital in nature?

Answer 36

Cretinism

Question 37

Parathyroid hormone is an agonist to which hormones?

Answer 37

Calcitonin

Question 38

The target cells of a hormone are the cells that contain what for the hormone?

Answer 38

Receptors

Question 39

A stimulus that produces a physiological change in the body

Answer 39

Stressor

Question 40

Which cells of the pancreas produce glucagon?

Answer 40

Alpha cells

Question 41

Hormone that stimulates milk production in females and enhances the actions of LH in males

Answer 41

Prolactin

Question 42

What are hormone levels controlled by?

Answer 42

Feedback loop

Question 43

What deficiency causes Cretinism?

Answer 43

Thyroid hormone

Question 44

A "moon face" and "buffalo hump" are symptoms of what?

Answer 44

Cushing syndrome

Question 45

What occurs when blood sugar levels rise during females pregnancy?

Answer 45

Gestational diabetes

Question 46

A severe type of hypothyroidism

Answer 46

Myxedema

Question 47

Which gland is located between the lungs and above the heart?

Answer 47

Thymus