Ch 34-35 Flashcards
(32 cards)
Opportunistic Pathogen
Causes disease when host is immunocompromised
Virulence
Degree of harm inflicted on host
Facultative intracellular pathogens
Reside within host cells but can also be cultured
Obligate intracellular pathogens
Only grow inside host cells
Time between pathogen entry and development of symptoms
Incubation period
Prodromal stage
Mild, non-specific signs and symptoms
______ period: disease is most severe and display signs and symptoms
Illness
Recovery stage
Convalescence
Factors affecting the success of transmission:
- virulence of organism
- number of invaders
- presence of adhesion and invasion factors
Location in which the pathogen normally resides
Reservoir
Organism that spreads disease from one host to another
Vector
Zoonosis
A disease transmitted from animals to humans
Vehicle is different from a vector bc:
Vehicle is indirect.
Ex) vehicle is eating food prepared by someone who didn’t wash their hands. Vector is a living organism
Tropism
Pathogen must make contact with appropriate host tissue (selective infection)
Fomite
Inanimate object that transfers infectious agents
Babies born with an infectious disease have a _____ infection
Congenital
Infectivity
Ability to create a discrete point of infection
Invasiveness
Ability to spread to adjacent tissues
Active penetration
Production of lytic substances that alter host tissue
Passive penetration
Not related to the pathogen itself (skin lesions, insect bites, wounds)
Bacteremia
Presence of viable bacteria in the blood
Septicemia
Bacterial or fungal toxins in the blood
Strategies to evade host immune response:
- production of decoy proteins
- mutate
- reduce cell surface proteins
- phase variation
- produce proteases and special proteins
- cause host cell fusion
Toxin
Substance that disrupts the normal metabolism of host cells
