Ch. 35

Question 1

What do you call a chordate with a backbone?

Answer 1

Vertebrates

Question 2

What do you call jawless fishes?

Answer 2

Cyclostomata

Question 3

What do you call fishes with jaws?

Answer 3

Gnathostomes

Question 4

What do you call gnathostomes with four limbs?

Answer 4

Tetrapods

Question 5

What do you call tetrapods with desiccation-resistant egg?

Answer 5

Amniotes

Question 6

Vertebrates are distinguished by having what chordate features?

Answer 6

-Vertebral Column
-Cranium
-Endoskeleton of cartilage and bone

Question 7

What do you call milk producing amniotes?

Answer 7

Mammals

Question 8

What is an example of a cyclostomata?

Answer 8

Lamphreys and hagfish

Question 9

What is an example of chondricthyes?

Answer 9

Sharks and rays

Question 10

What group has cartilaginous skeletons, teeth not fused to jaw, well developed fins, no swim bladder, internal fertilization, and single blood circulation?

Answer 10

Chondricthyes

Question 11

What group has ossified skeletons, single gill opening covered by operculum, fin muscles within body, and a swim bladder?

Answer 11

Actinopterygii

Question 12

What is an example of actinopterygii

Answer 12

Ray finned fishes

Question 13

What group has ossified skeletons, bony extensions, muscles, and projectoral and pelvic fins?

Answer 13

Sarcopterygii

Question 14

What is an example of sarcopterygii

Answer 14

lungfished and lobbed fishes

Question 15

What group has adults able to live on land, fresh water needed for reproduction, metamorphosis, double circulation and lungs?

Answer 15

Amphibia

Question 16

What are examples of amphibia?

Answer 16

Frogs, toads, salamanders

Question 17

What clade has an encased body in a hard shell, no teeth, head and neck retraction into shell, and eggs laid on land?

Answer 17

Testudines

Question 18

What is an example of a testudine?

Answer 18

Turtles

Question 19

What clade has a lower jaw not attached to its skull and skin covered in scales?

Answer 19

Squamata

Question 20

What is an example of squamata?

Answer 20

Lizards and snakes

Question 21

What clade has a four chambered heart, large aquatic predators, parental care of young?

Answer 21

Crocodilia

Question 22

What is an example of crocodilia?

Answer 22

Crocodiles and alligators

Question 23

What clade has feathers, hollow bones, air sacs, reduced internal organs, endothermic, and a four chambered heart?

Answer 23

Aves

Question 24

What are examples of aves?

Answer 24

Birds

Question 25

What clade has hair, mammary glands, specialized teeth, enlarged skulls, external ears, endothermic, four chambered heart, highly developed brains, diversity of body forms?

Answer 25

Mammalia

Question 26

What are examples of mammalia?

Answer 26

Mammals- rats, humans, chimps

Question 27

Hagfish produce copious amounts of _______ for _______

Answer 27

Slime, defense

Question 28

Lamphreys had what economic impact?

Answer 28

Invaded the Michigan lakes

Question 29

Lamphreys are _____ as adults

Answer 29

Parasitic

Question 30

Is the cartilage skeleton of chondricthyes a ancestral character?

Answer 30

NO

Question 31

How do sharks maintain buoyancy?

Answer 31

Large oil filled liver

Question 32

Chondrichthyes have how many heart chambers and what kind of circulation?

Answer 32

2, single

Question 33

What character on a fish detects pressure waves?

Answer 33

Lateral line

Question 34

What type of internal fertilization lays eggs?

Answer 34

Oviparous

Question 35

What type of internal fertilization has eggs retained in females but no placenta?

Answer 35

Ovoviparous

Question 36

What type of internal fertilization has eggs develop in uterus and placenta nourishes young?

Answer 36

Viviparous

Question 37

Osteichthyans have skeletons made of _______

Answer 37

Bone

Question 38

What covers the gills

Answer 38

Operculum

Question 39

What does a swim bladder do?

Answer 39

Maintain buoyancy

Question 40

Actinopterygii has fins supported by what?

Answer 40

Thin, bony, flexible rays

Question 41

Lungfish live in oxygen poor freshwater, have both gills and lungs, and have muscular lobe fins to go on land, what is their name?

Answer 41

Dipnoi

Question 42

What is the ancesteral fishapod called?

Answer 42

Tiktaalik rosae

Question 43

Amphibians have lungs adapted to a semiterrestrial lifestyle, what kind of breathing do they do?

Answer 43

Buccal pumping

Question 44

Amphibians have how many heart chambers?

Answer 44

3 chambered

Question 45

Amphibians undergo what change?

Answer 45

Metamorphosis

Question 46

What groups have amniotes?

Answer 46

Birds, reptiles, most mammals

Question 47

How come amniotes are dessication resistant?

Answer 47

The shell contains keratin

Question 48

What is it called in amniotes when negative pressure sucks in air for breathing?

Answer 48

Thoracic breathing

Question 49

What do amniote kidneys do?

Answer 49

Water conservation

Question 50

Amniotes have what kind of fertilization?

Answer 50

Internal fertilization

Question 51

What the similarities between birds and reptiles?

Answer 51

-Nest -Scales -4 chambered heart -Care for young

Question 52

Testudines have what fused with their shell

Answer 52

Ribs

Question 52

What are testudines?

Answer 52

Turtles

Question 53

What are squamata?

Answer 53

Lizards and snakes

Question 54

Squamata have what unique character about their skulls?

Answer 54

Kinetic skulls

Question 55

Crocodilia contains what animals?

Answer 55

Crocodiles and alligators

Question 56

What are aves?

Answer 56

Birds

Question 57

What are the notable characters of aves?

Answer 57

- Feathers - Air sacs - Reduction of organs: one ovary, no bladder, no teeth - Lightweight skeleton with thin hollow bones

Question 58

Are aves endothermic?

Answer 58

Yes

Question 59

What are milk producing amniote group called?

Answer 59

Mammals

Question 60

What are distinguishing characteristics of mammals?

Answer 60

- Mammary glands - Hair - Specialized teeth - Enlarged skulls for brain, 3 inner ear bones, external ears

Question 61

Horns in mammals are made of what?

Answer 61

Keratin

Question 62

Antlers in mammals are made of what?

Answer 62

Bone

Question 63

What are monotremes?

Answer 63

Echidnas and platypus

Question 64

What is clade metatheria?

Answer 64

Marsupials

Question 65

What are eutherians?

Answer 65

Plancental mammals

Question 66

What are examples of eutherians?

Answer 66

Afrotheria- elephants, manatees Xenartha- armadillos, anteaters, sloths Euarchontoglires- primates, rodents Laurasiatheria- whales, bats