Ch. 60 Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is the amount of genetic variation that occurs within and between species population called?
Genetic diversity
What is the number of abundance of species in a community called?
Species richness or species diversity
What is the diversity of a structure and function within an ecosystem called?
Ecosystem diversity
What is a species in danger of extinction in all or significant parts of their range classified as?
Endangered species
What is a species that is likely to become endangered in the foreseeable future called?
Threatened species
Who relies on the benefits of ecosystem services and diversity?
Humans
What economic field relies upon wild species for pollination and pest control services?
Agriculture
What is the hypothesis where species rich communities are more stable than those with fewer species?
Diversity-stability hypothesis
What is the hypothesis where most species are redundant, not increasing ecosystem function past a certain level of diversity?
Redundancy hypothesis
What is the hypothesis where ecosystem function plummets as soon as biodiversity declines from its natural levels?
Keystone hypothesis
What is the hypothesis where ecosystem changes unpredictably as the number of species changes?
Idiosyncratic hypothesis
What does the Diversity-Stability hypothesis graph look like?
Positive linear
What does the redundancy hypothesis look like?
Logarithmic, steep rise then stabilizing
What does the keystone hypothesis graph look like?
Exponential, slow rise then steep upwards
What does the idiosyncratic hypothesis graph look like?
Fluctuates up and down with species diversity
For the graphs what are the x and y axis?
x = species richness
y = ecosystem function
What was determined by field experiments on ecosystem function?
- more diverse = more productive
- invasive plants decreased with increased species richness
- arthropod species richness increased
What is a country with a high level of biodiversity referred to as?
Megadiversity
What are a species fund only in a particular place and no where else?
Endemic species
What are biologically diverse and threatened areas with 1500 endemic vascular plant species losing 70% of habitat?
Hotspots
What types of habitat conserves some of every habitat instead of just species-diverse ones?
Representative habitats
What supporters protect areas with the least human impacts?
Last of the wild
What is the debate between several small reserves vs one large reserve?
Single large or several small (SLOSS)
What types of preserves are preferred?
large, several large, linked, and round areas
