Ch 45 Antimicrobial Therapy

Question 1

What are four commonly encountered gram positive cocci?

Answer 1

Enterococcus
Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Peptostreptococcus (anaerobe)

Question 2

What are 5 commonly encountered gram positive rods/ filamentous bacteria?

Answer 2

Actinomyces
Corynebacterium
Listeria
Trueperella pyogenes
Clostridium spp

Question 3

What are commonly-encountered gram negative rods?

Answer 3

Actinobacillus
Brucella
Bordetella
Escherichia
Haemophilus
Klebsiella
Mannheimia
Pasteurella
Pseudomonas
Bacteroides
Fusobacterium

Question 4

What is the definition of MIC?

Answer 4

Minimum inhibitory concentration of a drug that inhibits visible growth

Question 5

What is the MBC?

Answer 5

Minimum bactericidal concentration: lowest drug concentration that results in NO growth

Question 6

What is meant by pharmacokinetic?

Answer 6

Drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination.

Question 7

What is meant by pharmacodynamics?

Answer 7

It examines the effect of the drug concentration on the microorganism at the site of infection over time.

Question 8

What does it mean to be a concentration-dependent drug?

Answer 8

Drugs whose antimicrobial activity is best predicted by the relationship between peak drug concentration and the MIC of the organism

Question 9

Which abx classes are concentration dependent?

Answer 9

Fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides

Question 10

How is aminoglycoside efficacy vs fluoroquinolone efficacy best determined?

Answer 10

AG’s: ratio of peak drug concentration to MIC of the organism

FQ’s: Area under the concentration curve in relation to bacterial MIC

Question 11

How is the antimicrobial activity of time dependent drug predicted?

Answer 11

Predicted by the time the drug concentrations are above the MIC. Examples are Beta lactams, tetracyclines, Macrolides, sulfonamides, and trimethoprim