Ch. 45 Pathology of the Adnexa

Question 1

_______ is an inclusive term that refers to all pelvic infections

Answer 1

PID

Question 2

PID stands for

Answer 2

pelvic inflammatory disease

Question 3

______ is an infection/inflammation of the endometrium

Answer 3

endometritis

Question 4

______ is an infection/inflammation of the fallopian tubes

Answer 4

salpingitis

Question 5

______ is an infection/inflammation of the uterine wall

Answer 5

myometritis

Question 6

______ is an infection/inflammation of the uterine serosa and broad ligaments

Answer 6

parametritis

Question 7

_____ is an infection/inflammation of the ovary

Answer 7

oophoritis

Question 8

TOA stands for

Answer 8

tubo-ovarian abscess

Question 9

______ is an abscess involving the ovary and the fallopian tube

Answer 9

tubo-ovarian abscess

Question 10

______ is a fluid collection in the fallopian tube

Answer 10

hydrosalpinx

Question 11

______ is blood in the fallopian tube

Answer 11

hematosalpinx

Question 12

______ is pus in the fallopian tube

Answer 12

pyosalpinx

Question 13

______ is an infection/inflammation of the cervix

Answer 13

cervicitis

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for PID

Answer 14

diabetes

Question 15

A patient with PID is at increased risk for

Answer 15

ectopic pregnancy

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a cause of PID

Answer 16

endometriosis

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT an example of an instrumental procedure done on the pelvis

Answer 17

cholecystectomy

Question 18

The normal fallopian tube is commonly seen on sonographic exams

Answer 18

false

Question 19

______ is helpful in distinguishing dilated fallopian tubes from vessels

Answer 19

color flow doppler/power

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a common cause of hydrosalpinx

Answer 20

intrauterine pregnancy IUP

Question 21

The sonographic appearance of endometritis is

Answer 21

thick endometrium, possibly with fluid in the endometrial cavity

Question 22

A complex mass with septations, irregular margins, commonly located in the cul de sac is probably

Answer 22

a tubo ovarian abscess

Question 23

A thick-walled, hyperemic tube with nodules or diverticuli in the uterine adnexae is associated with

Answer 23

salpingitis

Question 24

_____ can obscure normal tissue planes, making borders difficult to see

Answer 24

PID

Question 25

_______ describes an infection of the pelvis that extends to involvement of the bladder, ureter and bowel

Answer 25

peritonitis

Question 26

______ is a condition in which functioning endometrial tissue is located outside the uterus

Answer 26

endometriosis

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT a common clinical symptom of endometriosis

Answer 27

amenorrhea

Question 28

_____ is characterized by tiny endometrial implants scattered throughout the pelvis

Answer 28

diffuse endometriosis

Question 29

______ is a localized form of endometriosis

Answer 29

endometrioma

Question 30

______ is another term for endometrioma

Answer 30

chocolate cyst

Question 31

A patient comes to the emergency room with intense pelvic pain. She has a fever and elevated white count. She gave birth to a little girl 5 days ago. What condition should the doctor suspect

Answer 31

endometritis

Question 32

A patient comes to the emergency room with intense pelvic pain. She has a fever and elevated white count. She gave birth to a little girl 5 days ago. What condition should the doctor suspect

Answer 32

endometritis and PID

Question 33

_____ is the ectopic occurrence of nests of endometrial tissue in the myometrium

Answer 33

adenomyosis

Question 34

Mrs. Smith is 42 years old. She went to the doctor complaining of heavy, painful periods. This was a fairly new symptom for her. On pelvic exam, the doctor thought the uterus felt large. He ordered a sonogram which revealed a hypoechoic, heterogeneous, large uterus. The radiologist recommended an MRI for confirmation of what suspected diagnosis

Answer 34

adenomyosis

Question 35

Is the interventional and post operative application transvaginal or transabdominal: aspirate benign cyst

Answer 35

both

Question 36

Is the interventional and post operative application transvaginal or transabdominal: drain TOA/abscess

Answer 36

TV

Question 37

Is the interventional and post operative application transvaginal or transabdominal: drain post operative fluid collections

Answer 37

both

Question 38

Is the interventional and post operative application transvaginal or transabdominal: biopsy solid pelvic masses

Answer 38

TV

Question 39

Is the interventional and post operative application transvaginal or transabdominal: evaluate post operative mass

Answer 39

both

Question 40

Is the interventional and post operative application transvaginal or transabdominal: follow post op hematoma

Answer 40

both

Question 41

Is the interventional and post operative application transvaginal or transabdominal: evaluate surgical site

Answer 41

TV

Question 42

Is the interventional and post operative application transvaginal or transabdominal: evaluate surgical site

Answer 42

TV

Question 43

What are the symptoms of PID

Answer 43

severe pelvic pain, fever, vaginal discharge, abnormal bleeding, history of infertility

Question 44

Patients with PID have an increased risk of

Answer 44

ectopic pregnancy

Question 45

Which route of infection for PID is most common

Answer 45

sexual transmission

Question 46

Clinical findings of PID

Answer 46

large/palpable/bilateral mass on pelvic exam, extreme pain on pelvic exam, vaginal discharge, fever

Question 47

PID has _____ vascularity and _______ flow which is an inflammatory response

Answer 47

increased, lower resistance

Question 48

Is there a doppler signal or peristalsis with hydrosalpinx or pyosalpinx

Answer 48

no

Question 49

Thick walled tube with increased vascular flow and nodules within the lumen

Answer 49

acute salpingitis

Question 50

Serosa of uterus/tube becomes sticky die to inflammation and sticks to ovary, forming a loculated pus collection (abscess)

Answer 50

TOA

Question 51

Does TOA require surgical drainage

Answer 51

no

Question 52

Difficult to see sonographically because impants very small

Answer 52

diffuse endometriosis

Question 53

Usually occurs due to PID

Answer 53

endometritis

Question 54

In endometriosis, if inflammation has spread to tubes/ovaries, we will see all findings of

Answer 54

PID

Question 55

In endometriosis, post partum, retained products of conception, placenta are difficult to differentiate from

Answer 55

hematoma, blood clots or inflammatory debris

Question 56

Nests of endometrial tissue within the myometrium

Answer 56

adenomyosis

Question 57

May be caused by multiple pregnancies and elevated estrogen levels

Answer 57

adenomyosis