OBGYN FINAL QUIZLET ANSWERS Flashcards by Hope Spriggs

Estrogen is produced by _____ and progesterone is produced by ______

dominant follicle/ corpus luteum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Nabothian cysts are found in the _____

cervix

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

30 year old woman has enlarged uterus, history of unusual prolonged menstrual cycles. What is probable diagnosis

Lyeiomyoma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What kind of lyieomyoma causes the most bleeding

submucosal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Gartners duct cysts are found in the ______

vaginal canal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When scanning you find bilateral symmetrical masses, what are they

muscles

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What happens to the fibroids when they continue to grow? (after outgrowing blood supply and necrosis)

calcifications (degenerated lyeiomyoma)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When scanning transvag, in order to find the fundus where is the handle of your probe

towards the bed

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Christmas tree is sign for

AVM- arterial venous malformation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

T/F AVMs are always aquired

false

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Who is at risk for endometrial cancer

older women, breast cancer survivor

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Breast cancer survivors on tamoxifin have a greater risk for

endometrial cancer

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pt has had a hysterectomy, what is the remaining tissue

vaginal cuff

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Normal vaginal cuff is greater than 2cm what can happen

regrowth can occur

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stage 2 ovarian cancer reaches

pelvic organs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Most common benign tumor of the ovary is

dermoid

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the most common cause of PID

STDs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

PID can include pain and

fever

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

PID includes all except: endometriosis, endometritis, peri-ovarian inflammation

endometriosis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A woman comes to ER with intense pelvic pain and vaginal discharge. Ultrasound shows complex irregular mass in pouch of douglas. What does she have?

TOA

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When does LH surge happen and what does it do

right before ovulation stimulates dominant follicle to rupture

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

HCG given to infertile woman makes her

ovulate

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

During ultrasound evaluation look for development, growth and

well being

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

nonmaleficence, autonomy, beneficence, justice, veracity, integrity, confidentiality

Principles of ethics

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Strive to treat all patients equally

justice

_____ and ______ are the ethical principles that determine the timing of obstetric sonography examinations

justice/autonomy

Adherence to moral and ethical principles

Integrity

Respect to abilities and limitations (truthfullness)

veracity

To not cause harm

nonmaleficence

Respect for a person (no discrimination)

autonomy

The goal of seeking to do more good over harm

beneficence

who is the organization that enforces code of ethics

SDMS (society of diagnostic medical sonographers)

How is HCG changing throughout pregnancy

increases, plateaus, decreases

HCG increases by _____ a day

3.5

What is the interface between decidua capsularis and endometrium

double decidual sign

We should start to see the fetal bladder at _____ weeks

Fetus breech position is head to the _____

fundus

Fetus vertex/cephalic position is head to the _____

cervix

Amniotic fluid increases and plateaus at ____ weeks

`Measure amniotic fluid at the _____ pocket

largest

Largest pocket of amniotic fluid measures ____ to _____ cm

2-8

Where is BPD taken at

thalamus and cavum septum pellucidum

Biometric measurements give you the estimated fetal weight and

growth adjusted sonar age

4 parameters of biometric measurements are: HC, BPD, FL and

90% or above for biometric measurements is ____ for gestational age

large (LGA)

10% or below for biometric measurements is ____ for gestational age

small (SGA) - IUGR

HTN mother is associated with ____ babies

small

Diabetic mother is associated with _____ babies

large

If measurement of femur is ______ deviations above or below it shows IUGR or macrosomia

What measurements are needed for orbits: outer to outer and inner to inner, and

orbital diameter

OOD is also called

binocular distance

OOD is a good indicator for ____ of fetus

age

When transvag you can see an intrauterine pregnancy if HCG exceeds

500

When tran abdominal you can see an intrauterine pregnancy when HCG exceeds

1800

What causes asymmetric IUGR

placental insufficiency

What causes symmetric IUGR

first trimester insult

Asymmetric IUGR has a ____ head and small body because it needs the most nutrients

normal

Preeclampsia is HTN plus

proteinuria

Eclampsia is HTN, proteinuria and

siezures

PUV is posterior valve

urethral

PUV only affects

males

PUV leads to megastastitis which is enlarged

bladder

Most common abdominal wall defects are

gastroschisis / omphalocele / umbilical hernia

Most common lethal skeletal dysplasia

thanatophroic dysplasia

Congenital development disorder of the spine and lower limbs known as "mermaid syndrome" is

sirenomelia

Osteogenesis imperfecta is disorder of _____ production that causes fractures in untero

collagen

Which syndrome looks like trisomy 18

pena-shokeir syndrome

Which plane do you scan renal pelvis

trans

We should see fetal kidneys at ____ weeks

When evaluating kidneys look for their presence, location, number, structure and renal

agenesis

_____ situs inversus has right side heart axis, transposition of liver, stomach, and spleen and left sided gallbladder

total

_____ does not arise from the hindgut

cecum

Derivatives of the foregut are

pharnyx, lower respiratory system, esophagus, stomach, part of duodenum, liver, biliary apparatus, pancreas

Derivatives of the midgut are

small intestines, cecum, cloaca extrsophy, ascending colon, part of transverse colon

Derivatives of the hindgut are

part of transverse gut, descending colon, rectum, anal canal, epithelium of bladder, most of urethra

_____ shows liver and stomach in opposite position, no gallbladder and multiple spleens, IVC interruption

polyspleenia

Esophagus on ultrasound presents as _____ pattern

multilayered

When does esophagus show on ultrasound

when baby swallows (2nd/3rd trimester)

Dilation of bowel duct is _____ cyst

choleducal

Umbilical vein drains all of the following except: placenta, body stalk, evolving abdominal wall, yolk sac

yolk sac

Gastroschisis is abdominal wall defect at the _____ of umbilicus

right

What gender is ore common for gastroschisis

male

AFP in gastroschisis rises or decreases

rises

Midgut herniation is normal until _____ weeks

Omphalocele is _____ failing to return to belly

bowel

Omphalocele is covered in ____ and _____

peritoneum/ amnion

If you only find small bowel in omphalocele what is it associated with

chromosomal anomalies

Gastroschisis is at risk of atrophy of which vessel

right umbilical vein

Beckweith-weideman syndrome is associated with microglossia, omphalocele and

organomegaly

What anomaly is associated with large cranial defects, facial cleft, body wall complex defects and limb defects

limb body wall complex

Which congenital diaphragmatic hernia side is most common on ___ posterior trough foramen of

left / bochladeck

What are the 3 types of holoprosencephaly

alobar, semilobar, lobar

The most severe form of holoprosencephaly is

lobar

Holoprosencephaly nose with single nostril is

cebocephaly

Bridge of nose originates from _____ prominence

frontal

T/F: nasal triad includes: nostril symmetry, nasal septum integrity, continuous upper lip

true

4D scanning is ______ of fetus

real time movement

What is PAPPA

pregnancy associate plasma protein A

PAPPA ___ throughout pregnancy

increases

4 core measurements gives us

EFW estimated fetal weight

Patient was seen in emergency room. She had a palpable mass in physical exam and several days of pain. Most likely diagnosis is

Hemorrhagic cyst

A 45 year old female was seen in ER. She had symptoms of pressure and pain in her pelvis. This mass was visualized and measured almost 23cm. The most likely diagnosis is

Mucinous cystadenoma

30 year old female was seen by gynecologist for routine exam. She had symptoms of increasing pain with her periods. Mass was visualized and most of her pelvic structures appeared blurred and disorganized. Most likely diagnosis is

endometrioma