Ch. 5

Question 1

Study of measuring the amount of heat absorbed or released during a chemical reaction or a physical change.

Answer 1

Thermochemistry

Question 2

Device designed to measure the energy change for processes occurring under conditions of constant volume; commonly used for reactions involving solid and gaseous reactants or products.

Answer 2

Bomb calorimeter

Question 3

Unit of heat or other energy

Answer 3

Calorie (cal)

Question 4

Device used to measure the amount of heat absorbed or released in a chemical or physical process.

Answer 4

Calorimeter

Question 5

Process of measuring the amount of heat involved in a chemical or physical process.

Answer 5

Calorimetry

Question 6

Chemical reaction or physical change that absorbs heat.

Answer 6

Endothermic reaction

Question 7

Sum of a system’s internal energy and the mathematical product of its pressure and volume.

Answer 7

Enthalpy (H)

Question 8

Chemical reaction or physical change that releases heat.

Answer 8

Exothermic reaction

Question 9

Internal energy of a system changes due to heat flow in or out of the system or work done on or by the system

Answer 9

1st law of thermodynamics

Question 10

Transfer of thermal energy between two bodies.

Answer 10

Heat (q)

Question 11

Extensive property of a body of matter that represents the quantity of heat required to increase its temperature by 1 degree Celsius (or 1 kelvin)

Answer 11

Heat capacity (C)

Question 12

If a process can be represented as the sum of several steps, the enthalpy change of the process equals the sum of the enthalpy changes of the steps.

Answer 12

Hess’s Law

Question 13

Compound composed only of hydrogen and carbon; the major component of fossil fuels.

Answer 13

Hydrocarbon

Question 14

Total of all possible kinds of energy present in a substance or substances.

Answer 14

Internal energy (U)

Question 15

Energy of a moving body, in joules, equal to 1/2mv^2

Answer 15

Kinetic energy

Question 16

Unit used for quantifying energy provided by digestion of foods.

Answer 16

Nutritional calorie (Calorie)

Question 17

Energy of a particle or system of particles derived from relative position, composition, or condition.

Answer 17

Potential energy

Question 18

Intensive property of a substance that represents the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of the substance by 1 degree Celsius

Answer 18

Specific heat capacity (c)

Question 19

Heat released when one mole of a compound undergoes complete combustion under standard conditions.

Answer 19

Standard enthalpy of combustion

Question 20

Enthalpy change of a chemical reaction in which 1 mole of a pure substance is formed from its elements in their most stable states under standard conditions.

Answer 20

Standard enthalpy of formation

Question 21

Set of physical conditions as accepted as common reference conditions for reporting thermodynamic properties.

Answer 21

Standard state

Question 22

Property depending only on the state of a system , and not the path taken to reach that state.

Answer 22

State function

Question 23

All matter other than the system being studied.

Answer 23

Surroundings

Question 24

Portion of matter undergoing a chemical or physical change being studied.

Answer 24

System

Question 25

Intensive property of matter that is a quantitative measure of hotness and coldness.

Answer 25

Temperature

Question 26

Kinetic energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules.

Answer 26

Thermal energy

Question 27

Energy transfer due to changes in external, macroscopic variables such as pressure and volume; or causing matter to move against an opposing force.

Answer 27

Work (w)

Question 28

The energy of the universe is a constant.

Answer 28

First law of thermodynamics