Ch 5 Digestive System Flashcards by Mary Gibbs

Starts at ____ and ends at _____

Mouth, anus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Found on hard palate and in the stomach

Rugae

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Chewing

Mastication

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Swallowing

Deglutition

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Salivary gland within the cheek, just anterior of the ear

Parotid gland

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Rhythmic contractions of the tubes of the gastrointestinal tract and other tubular structures

Peristalsis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pylori sphincter

Pylor/o

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

1st, 2nd, and 3rd parts of the small intestines

Duodenal, Jejunum, Ileum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

1st part of the large intestines, another name for large intestines, last section of large intestines

Cecum, Colon, Rectum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Elimination of wastes and undigested foods through the anus

Defecation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Enzymes that digests starches into simpler substances (such as sugar).
Pancreatic Enzymes necessary to digests fats

Amylase, Lipase

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Difficulty in swallowing

Dysphagia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood

Jaundice/ Icterus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Discharge of fat in the feces due to improper digestion and malabsorption of fat

Steatorrhea

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

White plaques or patches on the mucus membranes of the mouth

Oral leukoplakia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Refers to the tissues and structures that surround and support the teeth/ Dentist specializing in treating the gums

Periodontal/ Periodontist

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Failure of the lower esophageal sphincter muscle (LES) to relax

Achalasia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Swollen, twisted veins at the lower end of the esophagus

Esophageal varices

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Benign growths protruding from the mucus membrane of the colon

Colonic polyp

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract

Crohn disease

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Inflammation or infection in one or more small pouches (diverticula) in the digestive tract

Diverticulitis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Telescoping of the intestines

Intussusception

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Abnormal condition of stones in the gallbladder; gallstones/ Abnormal condition of stones in the common bile duct

Cholelithiasis/ choledocholithiasis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pharynx (throat)

food from the mouth; air from the nose

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

an/o

anus

append/o

appendix

appendic/o

appendix

bucc/o

cheek

cec/o

cecum

celi/o

belly, abdomen

cholecyst/o

gallbladder

choledoch/o

common bile duct

col/o

colon

colon/o

colon

dent/i

tooth

duoden/o

duodenum

enter/o

intestines, usually small intestine,

faci/o

face

gastr/o

stomach

gingiv/o

gums

ile/o

ileum

labi/o

lip

lapar/o

abdomen

lingu/o

tongue

mandibul/o

lower jaw, mandible

odont/o

tooth

or/o

mouth

palat/o

palate

peritone/o

peritoneum

pharyng/o

throat

rect/o

rectum

proct/o

anus and rectum

sialanden/o

salivary glands

sigmat/o

sigmoid colon

stomat/o

mouth

uvul/o

uvula

amyl/o

starch

bil/i

gall, bile

bilirubin/o

bilirubin (bile pigment)

chol/e

gall, bile

chlorhydr/o

hydrochloric acid

gluc/o

sugar

glycogen/o

glycogen, animal starch

lip/o

fat, lipid

lith/o

stone

prote/o

protein

sial/o

saliva, salivary glands

steat/o

fat

-ase

enzyme

-iasis

abnormal condition

-chezia

defecation, elimination of wastes

-prandial

meal

colon

made of ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments

common bile duct

carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum

emulsification

breaking up large fat globules into smaller globules. This increases the surface area that enzymes can use to digest fat.

enzyme

chemical that speeds up a reaction between substances (ends with -ase)

fatty acids

produced when fats are digested

gallbladder

small sac under the liver; stores bile

glucose

simple sugar

glycogen

starch; glucose is stored in the form of glucose in liver cells

liver

large organ located in the URQ. Secretes bile, stores sugar, iron and vitamins; produces blood proteins, destroys worn-out red blood cells, and filters out toxins

portal vein

large vein bringing blood to the liver from intestines

protease

enzyme that digests proteins

pulp

soft tissue within a tooth, contains nerves and blood vessels

pyloric sphincter

ring of muscle at the end of the stomach, near the duodenum,

pylorus

distal region of the stomach, opening to the duodenum,

salvia

digestive juice produced by salivary glands. Contains amylase to begin digestion

Sigmoid colon

lower, S-shaped segment of the colon, just before the rectum; empties into the rectum

sphincter

circular ring of muscle that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening

stomach

muscular organ that receives food from the esophagus

lower esophageal sphincter (LES)

ring of muscles between the esophagus and the stomach

maxilla

upper jaw

papillae

small projections on the tongue. Taste buds are within the papillae

triglycerides

fat molecules composed of 3 parts fatty acids and 1 part glycerol. Subgroup of lipids

villi

microscopic projections in the wall of the small intestine that absorb nutrients into the bloodstream

Ch 5 Digestive System Flashcards

Basics & Organs (95 cards)