Ch 7 Urinary System Flashcards
(41 cards)
outer region of an organ; the cortex is the outer region of the kidney/ inner region of an organ. Renal medulla is the inner region of the kidney
Cortex/Medulla
Pyel/o
renal pelvis
meatus
opening or canal
Meat/o: Meatal Stenosis
scanty
Olig/o
inability to pass urine, which is held back in the urinary bladder/ loss of bladder control
Urinary retention/ incontinence
excess nitrogenous waste products in the blood; UREMIA
Azotemia
erythropoietin: hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate red blood cell production in bone marrow
EPO
DI (diabetes insipidus): antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is not secreted, or there is a resistance of the kidney to ADH. **affects how kidneys handle fluid
DM (diabetes mellitus): insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are resistant to its effects.
**affects blood sugar levels
difference between DM and DI
blood urea nitrogen
measurement of urea levels in the blood
BUN
kidney, ureters, and bladder
x-ray examination (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder
KUB
direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope (cystoscope)
Cystoscopy
hemodialysis (HD) uses an artificial kidney machine that receives the waste-filled blood including ammonia and potassium from the patient’s bloodstream. The machine filters it through an artificial porous membrane (dialyzer) and returns the dialyzed blood to the patient’s body.
peritoneal (PD) uses a catheter to introduce fluid into the peritoneal (abdominal) cavity. Waste materials, such as urea, in the capillaries of the peritoneum pass out of the bloodstream and into the fluid. The fluid (with wastes) is then removed by a catheter.
Dialysis types
urinary tract stones are crushed using shock waves
Lithotripsy
passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder
Urinary catherization
kidney
one of two bean-shaped organs on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region. It filters nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream to form urine
urethra
tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
urination (voiding)
process of expelling urine; urination
cali/o, calic/o
calyx (calix); cup-shaped structure
cyst/o
urinary bladder
glomerul/o
glomerulus
nephr/o
kidney
ren/o
renal pelvis
trigon/o
trigone (region of the bladder)
ureter/o
ureter
