Ch 8 & 9 Female/ Male Reproductive Sys Flashcards by Mary Gibbs

Ovum/ova (plural)

Mature egg cell. Develop from immature egg cells called oocytes.

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Gestation

Time period from fertilization of the ovum to birth; pregnancy.

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Vulva

External female genitalis; includes the labia, hymen, clitoris, and vaginal orifice.

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Corpus Luteum

Empty ovarian follicle that secretes progesterone after release of the egg cell; literally means yellow (luteum) body (corpus).

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Fimbriae (singular) fimbria

Finger- or fringe-like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes.

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Ovarian follicle

Developing sac enclosing each ovum within the ovary. Only about 400 of these sacs mature in a woman’s lifetime.

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Luteinizing hormone: secreted by the pituitary gland to promote ovulation.

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FSH

Follicle-stimulating hormone: secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate maturation of the egg cell (ovum).

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Parturition

Act of giving birth.

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Amnion

Innermost membrane surrounding the embryo and fetus.

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Episiotomy

Incision of the vulva (perineum) to widen the opening of the vagina during a difficult childbirth.

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Dystocia

Difficult childbirth.

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Gynecomastia

Female-like breast enlargement in a male.

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Menarche

Beginning of the first menstrual period.

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Metrorrhagia

Bleeding at irregular intervals; between expected menstrual periods.

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Colposcope

Visual examination of the vagina using an endoscope (colposcope).

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Abruptio placentae

Premature separation of the normally implanted placenta.

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Pelvic Exenteration

Removal of the reproductive organs, the bladder or rectum or both, and lymph nodes in the pelvis.

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Oophorectomy

Removal of an ovary.

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Endometrial carcinoma diagnosed by

by removing a tissue sample from the lining of the uterus, a biopsy.

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Prostate

Gland in men that surrounds the neck of the urinary bladder and urethra. It produces a fluid that, after combining with sperm cells, leaves the body as semen.

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Male gonad

Reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones.

The testicles, which produce sperm and testosterone.

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Flagellum

Tail-like structure that helps sperm move.

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Foreskin/prepuce

Fold of skin covering the glans penis.

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Seminiferous tubules

Narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes.

Parenchymal tissue

Functional essential tissue of an organ.

Testosterone/Androgen

Male hormone secreted by the testes; responsible for developing and maintaining male secondary sex characteristics. ## Footnote Ex: testosterone.

Cryptorchism/Cryptorchidism

One or both testes fail to descend into the scrotal sac near the time of birth.

Seminoma

Malignant tumor of a testis.

Hypospadias

Congenital anomaly in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis.

Orchiopexy

Surgical fixation of an undescended testis into the scrotum.

Varicocele

Enlarged, dilated veins near a testicle.

Cryogenic surgery

Use of extremely cold temperatures to freeze or destroy tissue.

STDs

Sexually transmitted diseases: gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, genital herpes, HPV infection and genital warts

Circumcision

Surgical removal of the foreskin (prepuce) surrounding the end of the penis.

Castration

Removal of sex glands (gonads), ovaries or testes.

Sterilization/Vasectomy

Procedure that removes an individual’s ability to produce or release reproductive cells. ## Footnote Bilateral surgical removal of a part of the vas deferens; male sterilization.

gonad

female or male reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones; ovary or testis

parturition

act of giving birth

pregnancy

gestation

amni/o

amnion

bartholin/o

Bartholin gland

cervic/o

cervix, neck

chori/o, chorion/o

chorion

colp/o

vagina

episi/o

vulva

galact/o

milk

gynec/o

woman, female

hyster/o

uterus, womb

lact/o

milk

mamm/o

breast

mast/o

breast

men/o

menses, menstruation

metr/o, metri/o

uterus

my/o, myom/o

muscle, muscle tumor

nat/i

birth

obstetr/o

pregnancy and childbirth

o/o

egg

oophor/o

ovary

ov/o

egg

ovari/o

ovary

ovul/o

egg

perine/o

perineum

phor/o

to bear

salping/o

fallopian tubes

uter/o

uterus

vagina/o

vagina

vulv/o

vulva

-arche

beginning

-cyesis

pregnancy

-gravida

pregnancy

-parous

bearing, bringing, forth

-rrhea

discharge

-salpinx

fallopian (uterine) tube

-tocia

labor, birth

-version

act of turning

dys-

painful

endo-

within

in-

intra-

within

multi-

many

nulli-

no, not, none

pre-

before

primi-

first

retro-

backward

endometrial cancer (carcinoma of the endometrium)

malignant tumor of the uterine lining (adenocarcinoma)

abruptio placentae

premature separation of the normally implanted placenta

colposcopy

visual examination of the vagina and cervix using a colposcope

cryosurgery

use of cold temperatures to destroy tissue

laparoscopy

visual examination of the abnormal cavity using an endoscope (laparoscope)

circumcision

removal of the prepuce (foreskin). It is a common elective procedure performed shortly after birth

prostate gland

exocrine gland at the base of the male urinary bladder. secretes fluid that contributes to semen during ejaculation

seminiferous tubules

narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes

vas deferens (also known as: ductus deferens)

narrow tube (one on each side) carrying sperm from the epididymis toward the urethra

andr/o

male

balan/o

glans

cry/o

cold

crypt/o

hidden

epididym/o

epididymis

gon/o

seed

hydr/o

water, fluid

orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o

testis, testicle

pen/o

penis

prostat/o

prostate gland

semin/i

semen, seed

sperm/o, spermat/o

spermatozoa, semen

terat/o

monster

test/o

testis, testicle

varic/o

varicose veins

vas/o

vessel, duct; vas deferens

zo/o

animal like

-genesis

formation

-one

hormone

-pexy

fixation, put in place

-stomy

new opening

cryptorchidism; cryptorchism

undescended testicles

testicular torion

twisting of the spermatic cord

varicocele

enlarged, dilated veins near the testicle

hypospadias

congenital abnormality in which the male urethral opening is on the undersurface of the penis, instead of at its tip

chlamydia

bacterial infection (by Chlamydia trachomatis) of the urethra and reproductive tract painful urination and discharge

syphilis

chronic STI caused by a spirochete (spiral-shaped bacteria) hard ulcers or sores

gonorrhea

inflammation of the genital tract mucosa, caused by infection with gonococci (berry-shaped bacteria) pus discharge

herpes genitalis

infection of skin and genital mucosa, caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) fluid-filled blisters

human papillomavirus (HPV) infection

infection of the skin and mucous membranes in the anogenital region by the human papillomavirus warts

transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)

removal of portions of prostate gland through the urethra

Ch 8 & 9 Female/ Male Reproductive Sys Flashcards

(125 cards)