Ch 5 Syntax Vocab Module 5

Question 1

Linguistic expressions

Answer 1

a piece of language with a form, a meaning and syntactic properties

Question 2

grammatical

Answer 2

A term used to describe a sentence that is in accordance with the descriptive grammatical rules of some language

Question 3

ungrammatical

Answer 3

Not in accordance with the descriptive grammatical rules of some language.

Question 4

subject

Answer 4

An expression, typically a noun phrase, that occurs to the left of the verb phrase

Question 5

object

Answer 5

A noun phrase that usually occurs immediately to the right of the verb in English

Question 6

principle of compositionality

Answer 6

The notion that the meaning of a phrasal expression is predictable from all meanings of the expression it contains and how they were syntactically combined

Question 7

lexical expressions

Answer 7

A linguistic expression that has to be listed in the mental lexicon.

Question 8

phrasal expressions

Answer 8

A linguistic expression that results from the syntactic combination of smaller expressions.

Question 9

syntactic properties

Answer 9

Properties of linguistic expressions out of smaller expressions.

Question 10

word order

Answer 10

The linear order in which words can occur in some phrasal expression

Question 11

co-occurence

Answer 11

The set of syntactic properties that determines which expressions may or have to co occur with some other expressions in a sentence.

Question 12

topicalization

Answer 12

A syntactic process by which a syntactic constituent occurs the beginning of a sentence in order to high light the topic under discussion

Question 13

Argument

Answer 13

A linguistic expression that must occur in a sentence if some other expression occurs on that sentence as well.

Question 14

complement

Answer 14

a non subject argument of some expression

Question 15

adjunct

Answer 15

a linguistic expression whose occurrence in a sentence is optional

Question 16

modifiers

Answer 16

see adjunct

Question 17

agreement

Answer 17

The phenomenon by which certian expressions in a sentence must be inflectionally marked for the same person

Question 18

syntactic constituent

Answer 18

A group of linguistic expressions that function as a syntactic unit within some larger expression

Question 19

cleft

Answer 19

A type of of sentence that has the general form, “it was/is X that Y”

Question 20

Coordinating conjunction

Answer 20

a

Question 21

conjuncts

Answer 21

An argument of a coordinating conjunction

Question 22

syntactic category

Answer 22

A group of expression that have very similar syntactic properties

Question 23

syntactic distribution

Answer 23

Refers to the set of syntactic environments in which an expression can occur.

Question 24

sentence

Answer 24

A syntactic category that consists of all phrasal expressions that can grammatically occur in Sally thinks that _____.

Question 25

noun phrase

Answer 25

The name of a syntactic category that consists of proper names

Question 26

noun

Answer 26

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category. Morphologically, consists of words to which the plural suffix s or the suffix like can be added

Question 27

determiner

Answer 27

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category that consists of expression such as the, a, this, all, etc.

Question 28

adjectives

Answer 28

The name of a lexical category or syntactic category that consists of words to which the comparative suffix er, or the suffix ness can be added.

Question 29

intransitive verb

Answer 29

The name for a set of lexical expressions whose syntactic category is verb phrase

Question 30

transitive verb

Answer 30

The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that if combined with an expression of a category noun phrase to their right result in a verb phrase

Question 31

ditransitive verb

Answer 31

The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that if combined with two expressions of category noun phrase to their right result in a verb phrase

Question 32

sentential complement verb

Answer 32

The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that if combined with a sentence to their right results in a verb phrase

Question 33

adverb

Answer 33

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category that consists of expressions such as quickly, well, furiously, etc.

Question 34

Verb phrase adjuncts

Answer 34

A kind of adjunct that combines with an expression of syntactic category verb phrase with the resulting expression also being of category verb phrase.

Question 35

Noun adjuncts

Answer 35

A kind of adjunct that combines with an expression of syntactic category noun with the resulting expression also being of category noun

Question 36

prepositional phrase

Answer 36

The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that contain a preposition and a noun phrase

Question 37

preposition

Answer 37

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category that consists of expressions such as of, in ,for, with, etc.

Question 38

lexicon

Answer 38

A mental repository of linguistic information about words and other lexical expressions, including their form, meaning, morphological, and syntactic properties

Question 39

lexical entry

Answer 39

A representation of a lexical expression and its linguistic properties within a descriptive grammar of some language.

Question 40

ambiguity

Answer 40

The phenomenon by which a single linguistic form can be the form of more than one distinct linguistic expressions.