Ch. 5: The Nervous System - Neurology and Psychiatry Flashcards

Question

catatonia

Answer 1

cata/ton/ia (down/muscle/tone) KAT-ah-TOH-nee-ah condition characterized by reduced muscle tone

Answer 2

Latin for to plow outside the furrow (go off the tracks) deh-LEER-ee-um brief loss of mental function

Answer 3

de/ment/ia (down/mind/condition) da-MEN-chah loss/decline in mental function

Answer 4

dys/kinesia (bad/movement) dis-kih-NEE-zhah difficulty moving

Answer 5

dys/lex/ia (bad/reading/condition) | difficulty reading

Answer 6

dys/phas/ia (bad/speaking/condition) | difficutly speaking

Answer 7

dys/ton/ia (bad/muscle tone/condition) | condition characterized by involuntary muscle movements

Answer 8

in/somn/ia (not/sleeping/condition) | inability to sleep

Answer 9

myo/clonus (muscle/turmoil) mai-AWK-loh-nus muscle twitching

Answer 10

myo/spasm (muscle/involuntary contraction) | involuntary muscle contraction

Answer 11

neur/asthenia (nerve/weakness) | nerve weakness

Answer 12

somn/ambul/ism (sleep/walk/condition) | sleep walking

Answer 13

Greek for contraction or cut off SIN-koh-pee fainting; losing consciousness due to temporary loss of blood flow to brain

Answer 14

``` chephal/algia (head/pain) SEH-ful-AL-jah cephalo/dynia (head/pain) SEH-fah-loh-DAI-nee-ah head pain ```

Answer 15

encephal/algia (brain/pain) in-SE-ful-AL-jah brain pain

Answer 16

neur/algia (nerve/pain) NUR-oh-DAI-nee-ah nerve pain

Answer 17

hemi/paresis (half/partial paralysis) HEH-mee-puh-REE-sis partial paralysis on half the body

Answer 18

hemi/plegia (half/paralysis) HEH-mee-PLEE-jah paralysis on half the body

Answer 19

mono/paresis (one/ partial paralysis) MAW-noh-puh-REE-sis partial paralysis of one limb

Answer 20

mono/plegia (one/paralysis) MAW-noh-PLEE-jah paralysis of one limb

Answer 21

Greek for to disable puh-RAH-lu-sis complete loss of sensation and motor function

Answer 22

Greek for to let go puh-REE-sis partial paralysis characterized by varying degrees of sensation and motor function

Answer 23

caus/algia (burn/pain) kaw-ZAL-jah painful sensation of burning

Answer 24

dys/esthesia (bad/sensation) DIS-es-THEE-zhah bad feeling

Answer 25

hyper/esthesia (over/sensation) HAI-per-es-THEE-zhah increased sensation

Answer 26

par/esthesia (beside/sensation) PAR-es-THEE-zhah abnormal sensation (usually numbness or tingling in the skin)

Answer 27

pseud/esthesia (false/sensation) SOO-des-THEE-zhah false sensation

Answer 28

syn/esthesia (together/sensation) SIN-es-THEE-zhah condition where one sensation is experienced as another

Answer 29

acro/phobia (heights/excessive fear) AK-roh-FOH-bee-ah fear of heights

Answer 30

agora/phobia (marketplace/excessive fear) ah-GOR-ah-FOH-bee-ah fear of outdoor spaces

Answer 31

hydro/phobia (water/excessive fear) HAI-druh-FOH-bee-ah fear of water

Answer 32

klepto/mania (theft/excessive desire) KLEP-toh-MAY-nee-ah desire to steal

Answer 33

photo/phobia (light/excessive sensitivity) FOH-toh-FOH-bee-ah excessive sensitivity to light

Answer 34

pyro/mania (fire/excessive desire) PAI-roh-MAY-nee-ah desire to set fire

Answer 35

echo/encephalo/graphy (echo/brain/writing procedure) EH-koh-in-SEH-fah-LAW-grah-fee procedure used to examine the brain using sound waves

Answer 36

electro/encephalo/graphy (electricity/brain/writing procedure) eh-LEK-troh-in-SEH-fah-LAW-grah-fee procedure used to examine the electrical activity of the brain

Answer 37

lumb/ar puncture (lower back/pertaining to) LUM-bar PUNK-chir inserting a needle into the lumbar region of the spine in order to collect spinal fluid, commonly called a spinal tap

Answer 38

cerebr/al angio/graphy (brain/pertaining to vessel/writing procedure) seh-REE-bral AN-gee-AW-grah-fee procedure used to examine blood vessels in the brain

Answer 39

angio/graphy (vessel/writing procedure) mag-NER-ik REH-zawn-ants AN-gee-AW-grah-fee procedure used to examine blood vessels

Answer 40

myelo/gram (spinal cord/record) MAI-el-oh-gram image of the spinal cord, usually done using x-ray

Answer 41

e/mission tomo/graphy (out/send cut/writing/procedure) PAWZ-ih-traw ee-MISH-un taw-MAW-gra-fee an imaging procedure that uses radiation (positrons) to produce cross sections of the brain

Answer 42

trans/cranial Doppler sono/graphy (through/skull Doppler sound/writing procedure) tranz-KRAY-nee-al DAW-plir saw-NAW-gra-fee an imaging technique that produces an image of the brain using sound waves sent through the skull

Answer 43

cerebell/itis (cerebellum/inflammation) ser-eh-bell-AI-tis inflammation of the cerebellum

Answer 44

cerebr/al a/trophy (brain/pertaining to not/nourishment) seh-REE-bral A-troh-fee wasting away of brain tissue

Answer 45

dur/itis (dura/inflammation) dur-AI-tis inflammation of the dura

Answer 46

encephalo/cele (brain/hernia) en-SEF-ah-loh-SEEL hernia of the brain (normally through a defect in the skull)

Answer 47

hemat/oma (blood/tumor) HEE-mah-TOH-mah a tumorlike mass made up of blood

Answer 48

crani/al hemat/oma (skull/pertaining to blood/tumor) KRAY-nee-al HEE-mah-TOH-mah a hematoma beneath the skull

Answer 49

epi/dur/al hemat/oma (upon/dura/pertaining to blood/tumor) EH-pi-DIR-al HEE-mah-TOH-mah a hematoma located on top of the dura

Answer 50

intra/cerebr/al hemat/oma (inside/brain/pertaining to blood/tumor) IN-trah-se-REE-bral HEE-mah-TOH-mah a hematoma located inside the brain

Answer 51

sub/dur/al hemat/oma (beneath/dura/pertaining to blood/tumor) a hematoma located beneath the dura

Answer 52

macro/cephal/y (large/head/condition) MA-kroh-SEH-fah-lee abnormally large head

Answer 53

micro/cephal/y (small/head/condition) MAI-kroh-SEH-fah-lee abnormally small head

Answer 54

meningo/cele (meninges/hernia) meh-NIN-goh-seel a hernia of the meninges

Answer 55

myelo/cele (spinal cord/hernia) MAI-eh-loh-SEEL a hernia of the spinal cord

Answer 56

myelo/malacia (spinal cord/softening) MAI-eh-loh-mah-LAY-shah abnormal softening of the spinal cord

Answer 57

myelo/meningo/cele (spinal cord/meninges/hernia) MAI-eh-loh-meh-NIN-goh-seel a hernia of the spinal cord and meninges

Answer 58

neur/itis (nerve/inflammation) nir-AI-tis nerve inflammation

Answer 59

neur/oma (nerve/tumor) nir-OH-mah a nerve tumor

Answer 60

neuro/scler/osis (nerve/hard/condition) NIR-oh-skleh-ROH-sis hardening of nerves

Answer 61

polu/neur/itis (many/nerve/inflmmation) PAW-lee-nir-AI-tis inflammation of multiple nerves

Answer 62

a/gnos/ia (not/knowledge/condition) AG-noh-zhah inability to comprehend

Answer 63

a/path/y (not/suffering/condition) A-pah-thee lack of emotion

Answer 64

hyper/kinesia (over/movement) HAI-per-kih-NEE-shah increase in muscle movement or activity

Answer 65

neur/asthenia (nerve/weakness) NIR-as-THEN-ee-ah nerve weakness

Answer 66

neuro/glyco/penia (nerve/sugar/deficiency) NIR-oh-GLAI-koh-PEE-nee-ah deficiency of sugar that interferes with normal brain activity

Answer 67

Greek for to nod nih-STAG-mus involuntary back and forth eye movements

Answer 68

prosop/a/gnos/ia (face/not/knowledge/condition) PRAW-soh-pag-NOH-zhah inability to recognize faces

Answer 69

an/estesio/logist (not/sensation/specialist) A-neh-STHEE-zee-AW-loh-jist doctor who specializes in anesthesiology

Answer 70

af/ferent nerve (toward/carry) A-fir-ent nirv a nerve that carries impulses toward the central nervous system

Answer 71

er/ferent nerve (away/carry) EH-fir-ent nirv a nerve that carries impulses away from the central nervous system

Answer 72

neuro/gen/ic (nerve/creation/pertaining to) NIR-oh-JIN-ik originating from/created by nerves

Answer 73

psych/iatrist (mind/specialist) sia-KAI-ah-trist doctor who specializes in the treatment of the mind

Answer 74

psych/iatry (mind/specialty) sai-KAI-ah-tree branch of medicine that focuses on the treatment of the mind

Answer 75

psycho/gen/ic (mind/creation/pertaining to) SAI-koh-JIN-ik originating in/created by the mind

Answer 76

psycho/logist (mind/specialist) sai-KAW-loh-jist doctor who specializes in the study of the mind

Answer 77

psycho/logy (mind/study of) sai-KAW-loh-jee branch of medicine that focuses on the study of the mind

Answer 78

psycho/somat/ic (mind/body/pertaining to) SAI-koh-soh-MA-tik pertaining to the relationship between the mind and the body

Answer 79

idio/path/ic (private/disease/pertaining to) IH-dee-oh-PAH-thik having no known cause or origin

Answer 80

inter/ictal (between/seizure) IN-ter-IK-tal time between seizures

Answer 81

post/ictal (after/seizure) post-IK-tal time after a seizure

Answer 82

pre/ictal (before/seizure) pree-IK-tal time before a seizure

Answer 83

ton/ic (muscle/pertaining to) TAW-nik pertaining to muscle tone (normally weak or unresponsive)

Answer 84

Greek for violent CLAH-nis muscle spasm or twitching

Answer 85

ton/ic clon/ic (muscle/pertaining to spasm/pertaining to) TaW-nik CLAH-nik SEE-zhir a seizure characterized by both a tonic and a clonic phase

Answer 86

cerebro/vascul/ar (brain/blood vessel/pertaining to) seh-REE-broh-VAS-kyoo-lar AK-sih-dent an accident involving the blood vessels of the brain

Answer 87

stroke STROHK loss of brain function caused by interruption of blood flow/supply to the brain

Answer 88

hemo/rrhag/ic (blood/excessive flow/pertaining to) HEM-oh-RA-jik STROHK a stroke where the blood loss is caused by the rupture of a blood vessel

Answer 89

isch/em/ic (hold back/blood/pertaining to) ihs-KEE-mik STROHK a stroke where the blood loss is caused by a blockage

Answer 90

trans/ient isch/em/ic (through/go hold back/blood/pertaining to) TRAN-zee-ent ih-SKee-mik ah-TAK a "mini-stroke" caused by the blockage of a blood vessel, which resolves within 24 hours

Answer 91

cerebro/vascul/ar (brain/blood vessel/pertaining to) seh-REE-broh-VAS-kyoo-lar dih-ZEEZ a disease of the blood vessels of the brain

Answer 92

cerebr/al an/eury/sm (brain/pertaining to out/wide/condition) seh-REE-bral AN-yir-IZ-um the widening or abnormal dilation of a blood vessel in the brain

Answer 93

cerebe/al arterio/scler/osis (brain/pertaining to artery/hard/condition) seh-REE-bal ar-TIH-ree-oh-skleh-ROH-sis the hardening of an artery in the brain caused by the buildup of fatty plaque

Answer 94

cerebr/al embol/ism (brain/pertaining to stopper/condition) seh-REE-bral EM-boh-lih-ZUM the blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a foreign object (embolus) such as fat or bacteria

Answer 95

cereb/al thromb/osis (brain/pertaining to clot/condition) seh-REE-bral throm-BOH-sis the blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a blood clot

Answer 96

cranio/malacia (skull/softening) KARY-nee-oh-mah-LAY-shah abnormal softening of the skull

Answer 97

cranio/scler/osis (skull/hard/condition) KRAY-nee-oh-skleh-ROH-sis abnormal hardening of the skull

Answer 98

cranio/sten/osis (skull/narrowing/condition) KRAY-nee-oh-steh-NOH-sis abnormal narrowing of the skull

Answer 99

cranio/syn/ost/osis (skull/together/bone/condition) KRAY-nee-oh-SIN-aw-STOH-sis premature fusing of the skull bones

Answer 100

hydro/cephal/y (water/head/condition) HAI-droh-SEH-fah-lee abnormal accumulation of spinal fluid in the brain

Answer 101

astro/cyt/oma (star/cell/tumor) ASS-troh-sai-TOH-mah a tumor of arising from astrocyte glial cells

Answer 102

star-shaped type of glial cell

Answer 103

gangli/oma (ganglion/tumor) GAN-glee-OH-mah ganglion tumor

Answer 104

glio/blast/oma (glue/sprout/tumor) GLEE-oh-blas-TOH-mah a brain tumor arising from glioblast cells

Answer 105

meningi/oma (meninges/tumor) meh-NIN-jee-OH-mah tumor of the meninges

Answer 106

cerebell/itis (cerebellum/inflammation) SEH-rah-bell-AI-tis inflammation of the cerebellum

Answer 107

cerebro/mening/itis (brain/meninges/inflammation) seh-REE-broh-MEN-in-JAI-tis inflammation of the brain and meninges

Answer 108

encephal/itis (brain/inflammation) in-SEF-ah-LAI-tis inflammation of the brain

Answer 109

encephalo/myel/itis (brain/spinal cord/inflammation) in-SEF-ah-loh-MAI-eh-LAI-tis inflammation of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 110

encephalo/myelo/neuro/pathy (brain/spinal cord/nerve/disease) in-SEF-ah-loh-MAI-el-oh-nir-AW-pah-thee disease of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves

Answer 111

encephalo/pathy (brain/disease) in-SEF-ah-LAW-pah-thee disease of the brain

Answer 112

encephalo/py/osis (brain/pus/condition) in-SEF-ah-loh-pai-OH-sis a pus-filled abscess in the brain

Answer 113

gangli/itis (ganglion/inflammation) GAN-glee-AI-tis inflammation of a ganglion

Answer 114

intra/cerebr/al hemo/rrhage (inside/brain/pertaining to blood/excessive bleeding) excessive bleeding inside the brain

Answer 115

meningo/pathy (meninges/disease) MEH-nin-GAW-pah-thee disease of the meninges

Answer 116

mening/itis (meninges/inflammation) MEH-nin-JAI-tus inflammation of the meninges

Answer 117

meningo/encephal/itis (meninges/brain/inflammation) meh-NIN-goh-in-SEF-ah-LAI-tis inflammatino of the meninges and brain

Answer 118

myel/itis (spinal cord/inflammation) MAI-eh-LAI-tis inflammation of the spinal cord

Answer 119

myelo/dys/plas/ia (spinal cord/bad/formation/condition) MAI-eh-loh-dis-PLAY-zhah defective formation of the spinal cord

Answer 120

myelo/pathy (spinal cord/disease) MAI-el-AW-pah-thee disease of the spinal cord

Answer 121

neuro/arthro/pathy (nerve/joint/disease) NIR-oh-ar-THRAW-pah-thee disease of the joint associated with the nerves

Answer 122

neuro/encephalo/myelo/pathy (nerve/brain/spinal cord/disease) disease of the nerves, brain, and spinal cord

Answer 123

neuro/pathy (nerve/disease) nir-AW-pah-thee disease of the nervous system

Answer 124

polio/myel/itis (gray/spinal cord/inflammation) POH-lee-oh-MAI-el-AI-tis inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord

Answer 125

poly/neuro/pathy (many/nerve/disease) PAW-lee-nir-AW-pah-thee disease affecting multiple nerves

Answer 126

a/myo/troph/ic lateral scler/osis (not/muscle/nourishment/pertaining to side hard/condition) a-MAI-aw-TROH-fik LAT-tih-ral skleh-ROH-sis a degenerative disease of the central nervous system causing loss of muscle control. Literally, the hardening of the nerve cells on the sides of the spine leading to the loss of muscle tissue from disuse.

Answer 127

an/orex/ia (no/appetite/condition) a-noh-REK-see-ah an eating disorder characterized by the patient's refusal to eat

Answer 128

aut/ism (self/condition) AH-tiz-um a psychiatric disorder characterized by withdrawal from communication with others; the patient is focused only on the self

Answer 129

bu/lim/ia (ox/hunger/condition) boo-LEE-mee-ah an eating disorder characterized by overeating and usually followed by forced vomiting

Answer 130

cerebr/al palsy (brain/pertaining to paralysis) seh-REE-bral PAL-zee paralysis caused by damage to the area of the brain responsible for movement

Answer 131

dys/phor/ia (bad/carry/condition) dis-FOR-ee-ah a negative emotional state

Answer 132

epi/lepsy (upon/seize) eh-pih-LEP-see a disease marked by seizures

Answer 133

eu/phor/ia (good/carry/condition) yoo-FOR-ee-ah a positive emotional state

Answer 134

hypo/mania (under/excessive anger) HAI-poh-MAY-nee-ah a mental state just below mania

Answer 135

``` manic depression (excitement depression) MAN-ik-de-PREH-shun a psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating bouts of excitement and depression ```

Answer 136

my/asthenia (muscle/weakness) mai-as-THEH-nee-ah muscle weakness

Answer 137

narco/lepsy (sleep/seize) NAR-coh-LEP-see a disease characterized by sudden, uncontrolled sleepiness

Answer 138

neur/osis (nerve/condition) neh-ROH-sis a nerve condition

Answer 139

psych/osis (mind/condition) sai-KOH-sis a mind condition

Answer 140

psycho/pathy (mind/disease) sai-KAW-pah-thee a mental illness

Answer 141

schizo/phren/ia (divide/mind/condition) SKIT-zoh-FREH-nee-ah a mental illness characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disordered speech

Answer 142

an/esthetic (not/sensation) an-es-THET-ik a drug that causes loss of sensation

Answer 143

general anesthetic JEH-nir-al an-es-THET-ik anesthetic that causes complete loss of consciousness

Answer 144

local anesthetic LOH-kal an-es-THET-ik anesthetic that does not affect consciousness

Answer 145

regional anesthetic REE-jih-nal an-es-THET-ik anesthetic that is injected into a nerve causing loss of sensation over a particular area

Answer 146

topical anesthetic TAW-pih-kal an-es-THET-ik local anesthesia applied to the surface of the area to be anesthetized

Answer 147

epi/dur/al (upon/dura/pertaining to) | anesthetic applied in the dural region of the spinal cord

Answer 148

an/alge/sic (not/pain/agent) an-al-JEE-zik a drug that relieves pain

Answer 149

anti/convuls/ant (against/convulsion/agent) AN-tee-kon-VUL-sant a drug that opposes convulsions

Answer 150

anti/depress/ant (against/depression/agnt) AN-tee-deh-PREH-sant a drug that opposes depression

Answer 151

anti/psycho/tic (against/psychosis/agent) AN-tee-sai-KAW-tik a drug that opposes psychosis

Answer 152

anxio/lytic (anxiety/breakdown agent) ANG-zee-oh-LIH-tik a drug that lessens anxiety

Answer 153

hypno/tic (sleep/agent) hip-NAWT-ik a drug that aids sleep

Answer 154

neuro/pharmaco/logy (nerve/drug/study) nir-oh-FAR-mah-KAW-loh-jee the study of the effects of drugs on the nervous system

Answer 155

psycho/pharmaco/logy (mind/drug/study) SAI-koh-FAR-mah-KAW-loh-jee the study of the effects of drugs on mental processes

Answer 156

psycho/trop/ic (mind/turn/agent) SAI-koh-TROH-pik drugs that are able to turn the mind

Answer 157

thrombo/lytic (clot/breakdown) THRAWM-boh-LIT-ik a drug that dissolves clots

Answer 158

cerebro/tomy (brain/incision) seh-REE-BRAW-toh-mee incision into the brain

Answer 159

chemo/therapy (chemical/treatment) Kee-moh-THER-ah-pee treatment using chemicals

Answer 160

crani/ectomy (skull/removal) KRAY-nee-EK-toh-mee removal of a piece of the skull

Answer 161

cranio/tomy (skull/incision) KAY-nee-AW-toh-mee incision into the skull

Answer 162

end/arter/ectomy (inside/artery/removal) EN-dar-tir-EK-toh-mee removal of the inside of an artery

Answer 163

endo/vascul/ar neuro/surgery (inside/vessel/pertaining to nerve/surgery) EN-doh-VAS-kyoo-lar NIR-oh-SIR-jir-ee surgery on the nervous system performed by entering the body through blood vessels

Answer 164

lob/ectomy (lobe/removal) loh-BEK-toh-mee removal of a lobe

Answer 165

lobo/tomy (lobe/incision) loh-BAW-toh-mee incision into a lobe

Answer 166

neur/ectomy (nerve/removal) nir-EK-toh-mee removal of a nerve

Answer 167

neuro/lysis (nerve/loose) nir-AW-lih-sis destruction of nerve tissue

Answer 168

neuro/plasty (nerve/reconstrution) NIR-oh-PLAS-tee reconstruction of a nerve

Answer 169

neuro/rrhaphy (nerve/suture) nir-OR-ah-fee suturing of a nerve (often the severed ends of a nerve)

Answer 170

neuro/tomy (nerve/incision) | nir-AW-toh-mee

Answer 171

attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Answer 172

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease)

Answer 173

central nervous system

Answer 174

cerebral palsy

Answer 175

cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 176

cerebrovascular accident

Answer 177

electroencephalogram

Answer 178

electromyogram

Answer 179

intracranial pressure

Answer 180

level of consciousness

Answer 181

lumbar puncture

Answer 182

magnetic resonance angiography

Answer 183

multiple sclerosis

Answer 184

obsessive compulsive disorder

Answer 185

positron emission tomography

Answer 186

peripheral nervous system

Answer 187

transient ischemic attack

Ch. 5: The Nervous System - Neurology and Psychiatry Flashcards

(211 cards)