CH 6 Flashcards
(54 cards)
the first step in the ethical decision-making process?
Recognizing that an ethical issue exists
When confronted with an ethical issue, workplace, family, religion, legal system, community, and profession are known as an individual’s six _______.
spheres of influence
The relevance or importance of an ethical event or decision in the eyes of the individual, work group, and/ororganization is referred to as _______.
ethical issue intensity
Studies have found that more than a third of the unethical situations that lower- and middle-level managers face comefrom which of the following?a. Stakeholder expectations and pressuresb. Pressures to satisfy customersc. Pressures from the government to perform at a high leveld. Internal pressures and ambiguity surrounding internal organizational rulese. Struggles to obey relevant laws
d. Internal pressures and ambiguity surrounding internal organizational rules
According to the ethical decision-making framework for unethical behavior, the absence of punishment provides ____
Opportunity
Which of the following has been found to decrease unethical practices and increase positive work behavior?a. A high level of educational attainmentb. A high level of community involvementc. Charismatic leadershipd. A strong religious belief systeme. The existence of good personal values or morals
e. The existence of good personal values or morals
the situation when subordinates simply follow the directives of a superior withoutquestion, demonstrating the influence that workplace significant others can exert?
Obedience to authority
Multiple elements work on individuals to affect their behavior. While an individual may intend to do the right thing,
Organizational or social forces
Normative approaches focus on which of the following?a. How organizational decision makers should approach an issueb. Methods for adopting values and norms within an organizationc. Models that describe an individual’s moral philosophiesd. Ways to determine the moral intensity of an ethical issuee. Positive outcomes, including firm probability and benefits to society
a. How organizational decision makers should approach an issue
can be defined as a set of values, norms, and artifacts, including ways of solving problems shared by members of an organization?
Corporate culture
an individual expects to receive from others in the social environment in terms of overt social approval, status,and esteem is referred to as
external rewards
Codes, rules, and compliance are essential in organizations. However, an organization is more likely to develop a high integrity corporate culture when it is built on
Informal relationships
Following the ethical directives of a superior
Obedience to authority
Those who have influence in a work group and provide advice and information in both formal and informal ways are related to
Significant others
Studies have shown that within an organization, which of the following will have more impact on a worker’s decisionson a daily basis than any other factor?
Significant others
External and internal rewards relate to which part of the ethical decision-making framework?
Opportunity
Philosopher John Rawls believed which of the following to be true?a. Political institutions significantly influence the development of values.b. Ethical decision-making models should only use normative approaches.c. Competition should be completely free of government intervention.d. Justice principles are beliefs that everyone can accept.e. Opportunity factors have the greatest influence over business ethical decision making.
d. Justice principles are beliefs that everyone can accept.
the first sign that an unethical decision has occurred?
Guilt
People who go with the flow because they feel the events in their lives are uncontrollable believe in
external locus of control
Which of the following is an individual factor that affects business ethics?a. Nationalityb. Corporate culturec. Obedience to authorityd. Significant otherse. Opportunity
a. Nationality
involves values and norms that prescribe a wide range of behavior for organizational members?
Corporate culture
an ethical corporate culture need in order to monitor the complex ethical decisions being made by employees?
Shared values and proper oversight
Those who have influence in a work group are referred to as significant others. Which of the following are examples of this concept?a. Peers, managers, coworkers, and subordinatesb. Family members, peers, and coworkersc. Spouses and friendsd. Employees in similar job situationse. Employees who hold the same job
a. Peers, managers, coworkers, and subordinates
Which of the following is true of research concerning nationality and the ability to make ethical decisions?a. Research shows no relationship between the two.b. Research shows it is hard to interpret in a business context because of cultural differences.c. Research suggests that organizations should be very concerned about an employee’s nationality.d. Research suggests that corporations pay a lot of attention to such research.e. Research suggests that the influence of nationality on corporate culture is growing.
b. Research shows it is hard to interpret in a business context because of cultural differences.
