ch 6 Flashcards

(83 cards)

1
Q

The cardiovascular system is responsible for:

Respiration

Circulation

Body movement

Body structure

A

circulation

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2
Q

The average adult has about ________ pints of blood.

8 to 12

15 to 20

3 to 5

4 to 6

A

8-12

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3
Q

The vascular system is made up of more than _________ miles of tubes (blood vessels).

8,000

45,000

12,000

70,000

A

70,000

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4
Q

Tube-like structures that make up the vascular system are known as:

Ureters

Fallopian tubes

Blood vessels

Intestines

A

blood vessals

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5
Q

The ________ divides the heart into left and right sides.

transverse plane

diaphragm

septum

coronal plane

A

septum

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6
Q

The ______ side(s) of the heart carries oxygenated blood.

right

right and left

left

middle and left

A

left

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7
Q

The heart consists of ____ layers.

2

5

3

4

A

3

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8
Q

Which fluid is found surrounding the heart, located between the serous visceral membrane and the parietal membrane?

Pleural

Synovial

Amniotic

Pericardial

A

Pericardial

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9
Q

The two membranes of the epicardium and the pericardial fluid surrounding the heart are known collectively as the ________.

bursa sac

lymph sac

pericardial sac

air sac

A

pericardial sac

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10
Q

Where are the alveoli located?

Lungs

Stomach

Brain

Intestines

A

Lungs

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11
Q

Deoxygenated blood has a ________ concentration of carbon dioxide compared to oxygen.

higher

lower

equal

diminished

A

Higher

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12
Q

The systemic circulation is responsible for delivering what kind of blood to the body?

Oxygen-poor

Nutrient-rich

Nutrient-deficient

Carbon dioxide-rich

A

Nutrient-rich

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13
Q

The superior and inferior vena cava empty into which chamber?

Right ventricle

Left atrium

Left ventricle

Right atrium

A

Right atrium

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14
Q

Which arteries transport blood to the lungs?

Carotid

Femoral

Pulmonary

Brachial

A

Pulmonary

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15
Q

What is the largest artery in the body?

Aorta

Femoral

Brachial

Hepatic

A

Aorta

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16
Q

Gas exchange takes place within which vessels?

Capillaries

Veins

Arteries

Venules

A

Capillaries

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17
Q

Which vessels transport blood away from the heart?

Capillaries

Arteries

Veins

Venules

A

Arteries

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18
Q

Which arteries DO NOT contain oxygenated blood?

Brachial

Systemic

Pulmonary

Femoral

A

Pulmonary

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19
Q

Deoxygenated blood is transported by the _______.

pulmonary arteries

aorta

pulmonary veins

femoral arteries

A

pulmonary arteries

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20
Q

Which vessels are one cell layer thick?

Arteries

Veins

Capillaries

Venules

A

Capillaries

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21
Q

Capillaries permit the gas exchange of carbon dioxide and _______.
oxygen

hydrogen

nitrogen

carbon monoxide

A

oxygen

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22
Q

The innermost layer of veins and arteries is the tunica _______ layer.

intima

media

mucosa

adventitia

A

intima

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23
Q

The thickest layer of veins and arteries is the tunica ______ layer.

fibrosa

adventitia

media

intima

A

media

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24
Q

The outer covering that covers the arteries and veins is the tunica ________ layer.

media

serosa

intima

adventitia

A

adventitia

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25
Arteries always carry blood away from the heart and are called ________ vessels. afferent centripetal receptive efferent
efferent
26
Arterial blood is bright red because of its _______ level. high carbon dioxide low oxygen low carbon dioxide high oxygen
high oxygen
27
Waste products pass from the body's cells and tissues back into the bloodstream for excretion from all of the following systems EXCEPT: Respiratory Endocrine Urinary Digestive
Endocrine
28
Veins carry deoxygenated blood toward the heart so they are considered _______ vessels. efferent afferent motorial unimportant
afferent
29
Veins have _______. a pulse thick walls high pressure one-way valves
one-way valves
30
An artery will _______. pulsate always be visible feel mushy not roll
pulsate
31
A vein will ________. always be visible pulsate have resiliency always be palpable
have resiliency
32
Selecting a vein that lies over or close to an artery can result in: The best blood flow No blood flow A painless phlebotomy procedure An accidental arterial puncture
An accidental arterial puncture
33
The veins most commonly used for venipuncture are located in an area known as the: Sweet spot Radial fossa Antecubital fossa Ovarian fossa
Antecubital fossa
34
The most commonly used vein for venipuncture is called the: Median cubital Brachial Cephalic Basilic
Median cubital
35
The second best vein to select for venipuncture is called the: Basilic Median cubital Cephalic Bracial
Cephalic
36
The basilic vein lies close to the _______. aorta femoral artery pulmonary artery brachial artery
brachial artery
37
Using hand veins for venipuncture tends to be _____ for the patient. less painful not painful more painful slightly painful
more painful
38
It is unacceptable for phlebotomists to perform a venipuncture from all of the following EXCEPT: Head Hand Legs Feet
hand
39
Inflammation of the skin is known as: Osteochondritis Arthritis Sinusitis Dermatitis
Dermatitis
40
Tourniquets should not be placed directly on a patient who has _______. HIV a heart condition dermatitis a cold
dermatitis
41
When a patient has dermatitis, a tourniquet can be placed over all of the following EXCEPT: skin patient's gown gauze clothing
skin
42
Blood should not be drawn from an arm with a/an ________. scar IV tattoo mole
IV
43
Accidental puncture of the _________ could result in temporary or permanent loss of function in that arm. median nerve median cubital brachial artery basilic vein
median nerve
44
The best way to prevent injury to the median nerve is to avoid ________ at the venipuncture site. pressure pinching peeling probing
probing
45
Blood helps ________ body temperature. create reduce regulate increase
regulate
46
Plasma makes up about ______ of blood's total volume. 55% 5% 10% 90%
55%
47
Plasma contains _______ water. 90% to 92% 50% to 55% 3% to 10% 24% to 31%
90% to 92%
48
RBCs originate in the ________. heart bone marrow liver lymph
bone marrow
48
During the fetal stage, the liver and _______ form blood cells. kidneys pancreas gallbladder spleen
spleen
49
Red blood cells cave inward at the center on both sides. This is known as _________. concave convex biconcave biconvex
biconcave
50
The average life span of an erythrocyte is about _______ days. 10 120 200 30
120
51
Which molecule gives RBCs the ability to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide? Hemoglobin Amylase Water Ribose
Hemoglobin
52
Heme is a/an _______ that helps make up hemoglobin. white blood cell platelet iron compound red blood cell
iron compound
53
White blood cells are also known as ______. thrombocytes leukocytes erythrocytes platelets
leukocytes
54
White cells perform a process that will surround and destroy foreign invaders. This process is known as______. athrocytosis endocytosis phagocytosis monocytosis
phagocytosis
55
Phlebotomists need to apply pressure to the venipuncture site for a minimum of ________ when patients lack natural clotting factors or may be on anticoagulant medications. 10 to 15 seconds 1 minute 30 to 50 seconds 3 to 5 minutes
3 to 5 minutes
56
What is the name of the valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle? Bicuspid Tricuspid Mitral Aortic
Tricuspid
57
What is the name of the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle? Dicuspid Pulmonary Mitral Tricuspid
Mitral
58
The mitral valve is another name for: Tricuspid valve Discuspid valve Ficuspid valve Bicuspid valve
Bicuspid valve
59
What are the names of the two semilunar valves of the heart? Pulmonary and arterial Arterial and aortic Pulmonary and aortic Pulmonary and systemic
Pulmonary and aortic
60
______ occurs when blood collects under the skin, forming a black and blue mass. Hemolysis Hemostasis Hematoma Hemoglobin
Hematoma
61
What serves as the connecting points/link between the arterioles and venules? Veins Capillaries Arteries Vessels
Capillaries
62
Symptoms of anemia include all of the following EXCEPT: Weakness Headache Pale skin color Vomiting
Vomiting
63
Blood cells formed by myeloid stem cells include all of the following EXCEPT: Red blood cells Granulocytes B-cells Platelets
B-cells
64
What byproduct is formed when the liver breaks down worn-out red blood cells? Calcium Bilirubin Protein Lysozyme
Bilirubin
65
Jaundice results when elevated levels of bilirubin cause the skin and eyes to take on what color? Blue Silver Yellow Pink
Yellow
66
Diapedesis allows _______ to pass through capillaries' thin walls. RBCs lymphocytes leukocytes platelets
leukocytes
67
Which WBC is the most numerous of all WBCs in adults? Eosinophil Basophil Monocyte Neutrophil
Neutrophil
68
Which WBC increases in response to parasitic infections and allergic conditions? Eosinophil Basophil Monocyte Neutrophil
Eosinophil
69
Which WBC releases histamine, a substance that causes capillary walls to dilate or expand? Eosinophil Basophil Monocyte Neutrophil
Basophil
70
All of the following are lymphoid cells EXCEPT: T-cells B-cells NK cells KN cells
KN cells
71
Which WBCs assist the immune system by producing antibodies? B-cell lymphocytes T-cell lymphocytes Monocytes Basophils
B-cell lymphocytes
72
_______ are responsible for humoral immunity. T-cell lymphocytes B-cell lymphocytes Monocytes Basophils
B-cell lymphocytes
73
What cells respond to stressed or infected cells without the need for antibodies? B-cells T-cells NK cells Monocytes
NK cells
74
How long does a platelet typically remain in circulation? 25-50 days 120 days 2-3 days 9-12 days
9-12 days
75
Where is fibrinogen produced? Kidneys Liver Pancreas Intestines
Liver
76
What is the most abundant plasma protein? Albumin Fibrinogen Globulin Urea
Albumin
77
What does the buffy coat consist of? RBCs and platelets Platelets Proteins Platelets and WBCs
Platelets and WBCs
78
What are the proteins on the surface of RBCs called? Antibodies Antigens Reagents Plasma
Antigens
79
What is the medical term for the clumping of RBCs? Fusion Agglutination Reaction Centrifugation
Agglutination
80
Which blood type is considered the universal recipient? A B AB O
AB
81
Which blood type is considered the universal donor? A B AB O
O
82
A transfusion reaction occurs when a patient is transfused with blood to which he has an __________. antigen agglutinate allergy antibody
antibody