Ch 6

Question 1

Outlines the organization’s purpose, premise, values, and direction

Answer 1

Mission

Question 2

Set by and for top management. Focuses on broad general issues.

Answer 2

Strategic Goals

Question 3

Set by and for middle managers. Focuses on how to operationalize actions necessary to achieve strategic goals.

Answer 3

Tactical Goals

Question 4

Set by and for lower level managers. Concerned with shorter term issues associated with tactical goals.

Answer 4

Operational Goals

Question 5

Balancing and reconciling possible conflicts among goals.

Answer 5

Optimizing

Question 6

Goals serve 4 important purposes:

Answer 6

1) Provide guidance and unified direction
2) Affects other aspects of planning
3) Motivate employees
4) Provide an effective mechanism for evaluations and control

Question 7

Plans developed to achieve strategic goals. A general plan outlining decisions of resource allocation, priorities, and action steps necessary to reach strategic goals.

Answer 7

Strategic Plans

Question 8

Developed to implement specific parts of a strategic plan

Answer 8

Tactical Plans

Question 9

Focuses on carrying out tactical plans to achieve operational goals.

Answer 9

Operational Plans

Question 10

Covers many years, perhaps even decades

Answer 10

Long-range Plan

Question 11

Somewhat less tentative and subject to change than is a long-range plan. Usually 1-5 years.

Answer 11

Intermediate Plan

Question 12

Timeframe of a one year or less. Affect’s the manager’s day-to-day activities

Answer 12

Short-range Plan

Question 13

Used to operationalize any other kind of plan

Answer 13

Action Plan

Question 14

Designed to allow the company to react to unforeseen circumstances

Answer 14

Reaction Plan

Question 15

Who is responsible for planning:

Answer 15

1) Planning Staff
2) Planning Task Force
3) Board of Directors
4) CEOs
5) Executive Committee
6) Line Management

Question 16

Determination of alternative courses of action to be taken if any intended plan is unexpectedly disrupted or rendered inappropriate.

Answer 16

Contingency Planning

Question 17

Steps for Contingency Planning

Answer 17

1) Develop plan
2) Implement plan
3) Specify indicators
4) Complete plan

Question 18

Set of procedures the organization uses in the event of a disaster or other unexpected calamity.

Answer 18

Crisis Management

Question 19

Developed to carryout a course of action that is not likely to be repeated in the future.

Answer 19

Single-use Plan

Question 20

Plan used for a LARGE set of activities

Answer 20

Program

Question 21

Similar to a program but is generally of less scope and complexity.

Answer 21

Project

Question 22

Used for activities that recur regularly over a period of time.

Answer 22

Standing Plans

Question 23

Specifies the organization’s general response to a designated problem or situation

Answer 23

Policy

Question 24

A standard plan that outlines the steps to be followed in particular circumstances

Answer 24

Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)

Question 25

Narrowest of the standing plans. Describes exactly how specific activities are to be carried out.

Answer 25

Rules and Regulations

Question 26

Major Barriers to Goal Setting and Planning

Answer 26

- Inappropriate Goals - Improper Reward System - Dynamic and Complex Environment - Reluctance to Establish Goals - Resistance to Change - Constraints

Question 27

Ways to Overcome Barriers to Goal Setting & Planning

Answer 27

- Understanding the purposes of goals and planning - Communication and participation - Consistency, revision, and updating - Effective reward system

Question 28

A formal goal-setting process involving collaboration between managers and subordinates; the extent to which goals are accomplished is a major factor in evaluating and rewarding subordinates' performance.

Answer 28

Management by Objectives (MBO)

Question 29

Gives subordinates a voice in the goal-setting and planning process, and to clarify exactly what they are expected to accomplish

Answer 29

Purpose

Question 30

To be successful, goal-setting must start at the top of the organization

Answer 30

Process

Question 31

Consistent with overall organizational goals and plans

Answer 31

Implement