ch 6-8 glossary Flashcards
(65 cards)
The number of children born alive each year per 1,000 population
Birth rate
The yearly number of deaths per 1,000 population - an annual crude death rate of 15 per 1,000 would involve 1.5% of the population. See also crude birthrate and infant mortality rate.
Death rate
The phasing-out process of population growth rates from a virtually stagnant growth stage characterized by high birthrates and death rates, through a rapid-growth stage with high birthrates and low death rates, to a stable, low-growth stage in which both birth and death rates are low.
Demographic transition
the Period that a given population takes to increase by its present size. Doubling time is approximated by dividing the numerical growth rate into 70 - a population growing at 2% per year will double in size approximately every 35 years.
Doubling time
are the Public programs designed to help parents plan and regulate their family size in accordance with their ability to support a family.
Family-planning programs
The program usually includes supplying contraceptives to the adult population, education on the use of birth control devices, mass-media propaganda on benefits derived from smaller families, and pre- and postnatal health care for mothers.
Family-planning programs
The yearly number of children born alive per 1,000 women within the childbearing age bracket (normally between the ages of 15 and 49 years). See also crude birthrate.
Fertility rate
is A dynamic latent process of population increase that continues even after a fall in birthrates because of a large youthful population that widens the population’s parent base.
Hidden momentum of population growth
Fewer children per couple in the succeeding few generations will not mean a smaller or stable population size because at the same time there will be a much larger number of childbearing couples. Hence a given population will not stabilize until after two or three generations.
Hidden momentum of population growth
The number of years newborn children would live if subject to the mortality risks prevailing for the cross section of population at the time of their birth. See also crude birthrate.
Life expectancy at birth
An inevitable population level envisaged by Thomas Malthus (1766- 1834) at which population increase was bound to stop because after that level, life-sustaining resources, which increase at an arithmetic rate, would be insufficient to support human population, which increases at a geometric rate.
Malthusian population trap
Consequently, people would die of starvation, disease, wars, etc. it represents the maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources.
Malthusian population trap
is An extension of the theory of consumer behavior of individual couples. The central proposition of this theory is that family formation has costs and benefits and hence the size of families formed will depend on these costs and benefits.
Microeconomic theory of fertility
If the costs of family formation are high relative to its benefits, the rates at which couples will decide to bring forth children will decline, and vice versa. See also opportunity cost of a woman’s time, fertility rate, and crude birthrate.
Microeconomic theory of fertility
also called Death rate is The yearly number of deaths per 1,000 population - an annual crude death rate of 15 per 1,000 would involve 1.5% of the population. See also crude birthrate and infant mortality rate.
- Mortality rate
Deaths among children between birth and 1 year of age per 1,000 live births.
- Infant mortality rate
refers to the difference between the number of births and deaths in a population over a given period, usually a year. It is calculated as the birth rate minus the death rate. A positive natural increase means births outnumber deaths, indicating population growth, while a negative natural increase signifies deaths exceeding births, leading to population decline.
- Natural increase
is the Excess of persons migrating into a country over those who emigrate from that country. See brain drain
- Net international migration
the Theory to explain how poverty and high population growth become reinforcing.
- Population-poverty cycle
is the Graphical depiction of the age structure of the population, with age cohorts plotted on the vertical axis and numbers of males and females in each cohort on the horizontal axis.
- Population pyramid
The global population has grown from 1 billion in 1800 to 8.2 billion in 2025. Actual global human population growth amounts to around 70 million annually, or 0.85% per year. As of 2024, The United Nations projects that global population will peak in the mid-2080s at around 10.3 billion
- Rate of population increase
the Argument that women should be able to determine on an equal status with their husbands and for themselves how many children they want and what methods to use to achieve their desired family size. See empowerment of women.
- Reproductive choice
is the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children at each age in accordance with the prevailing age-specific fertility rates.
- Total fertility rate (TFR)
in the Philippines was 27.5 per 1,000 live births in 2022. This rate represents the probability that a newborn will die before reaching age five, based on the age-specific mortality rates of that year.
- Under-5 mortality rate
