Ch 7 : Brain Flashcards
(17 cards)
Cerebral hemisphere (cerebrum)
Inc. more than half of the brain mass
Surface is made of ridges (gyri) and grooves (sulci)
3 main regions of cerebrum
Cortex (gray matter)
White matter
Basal nuclei (deep pockets of gray matter)
Lobes of the cerebrum
Fissures or deep grooves divide the cerebrum into lobes
The surface lobes of the cerebrum are: frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe
Cerebral areas involved in senses
Occipital lobe - visual
Temporal lobe- auditory and olfactory
Broca’s area
Involved in our ability to speak
Usually in left hemisphere of cerebrum
Layers of cerebrum
Gray matter: outer layer in cerebral cortex, composed mostly of neuron cell bodies
White matter: fiber tracts deep to the gray matter
Basal nuclei: buried gray matter in the white matter
Corpus callosum
Connects the hemispheres of the cerebrum
Diencephalon
Sits on top of brain stem
Enclosed by cerebral hemispheres
Made of 3 parts: thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus
Thalamus
Surrounds third ventricle
Relay station for sensory impulses
Transfers impulses to correct cortex for localization and interpretation
Hypothalamus
Under the thalamus
Important autonomic nervous system
Helps regulate the nearby pituitary gland
Epithalamus
Forms roof of third ventricle
Houses pineal body
Inc choroid plexus (forms cerebrospinal fluid)
Brain stem
Attaches to spinal cord
Made up of:
Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
Midbrain
I opposed mostly of tracts of nerve fibers
Conveys ascending/descending impulses
Visual and auditory reflex centers
Pons
Mostly composed of fiber tracts
Inc nuclei involved in control of breathing
Medulla oblongata
Contains important control centers:
heart rate control
Blood pressure Reg
Swallowing vomiting breathing
Cerebellum
2 hemispheres with convoluted surfaces
Controls balance and equilibrium
Provides precise timing for skeletal muscle activity
Regions of the brain (4)
Cerebral hemisphere (cerebrum)
Diencephalon
Brain stem
Cerebellum
