Unit 3 Bones/muscle

Question 1

Parts of skeletal system

Answer 1

Bones
Joints
Cartilages
Ligaments

Question 2

Functions of bones

Answer 2

Support the body
Protect soft organs (skull+vert- brain/spinal cord)(rib cage-thoracic organs)
Store minerals / fats (calcium and phosphorus/ fat stored in marrow)
Blood cell formation (hematopoiesis)

Question 3

Two types of bones

Answer 3

Compact bone: dense, smooth, and homogenous

Spongy bone: small needle like pieces of bone, many open spaces

Question 4

Long bones

Answer 4

Longer than they are wide
Mostly compact bones
Ex. Femur/ humerus

Question 5

Short bones

Answer 5

Generally cube shaped
Contains mostly spongy bone
Sesamoid bones are short bones that form within tendons
Ex. Carpals/tarsals

Question 6

Flat bones

Answer 6

Thin, flattened and usually curved
Two layers of compact bone surrounding spongy bone
Ex. Skull ribs or sternum

Question 7

Irregular bones

Answer 7

Hip bones and vertebrae

Question 8

Diaphysis

Answer 8

Shaft of long bone made mostly of compact bone

Question 9

Periosteum

Answer 9

Outside covering of diaphysis (shaft)
Fibrous connective tissue membrane
Sharpeys fibers secure periosteum to bone

Question 10

Epiphysis

Answer 10

Ends of long bone

Composed mostly of spongy bone

Question 11

2 subdivisions of skeleton

Answer 11

Axial skeleton

Appendicular skeleton