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Medical Terminology > Ch. 7 - Muscles and Joints Study Guide/Abbreviations > Flashcards

Ch. 7 - Muscles and Joints Study Guide/Abbreviations Flashcards

(109 cards)

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1
Q

What are the 5 functions of muscle

A 
motion
movement of body fluids
regulation of body fluids (kidneys)
body stability
heat production - 85%
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2
Q

What are the 3 types of muscle tissue

A

skeletal
smooth
cardiac

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3
Q

Characteristics of skeletal muscle

A

attach to the bones of the skeleton
voluntary
striated muscles
peripherally located nuclei

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4
Q

Characteristics of smooth muscle

A

visceral muscle (walls of hollow organs)
involuntary
no striations
centrally located nuclei

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5
Q

Characteristics of cardiac muscle

A

involuntary muscle
striated
intercalated disks (only cardiac)
centrally located nuclei

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6
Q

Naming of muscles; function

A

extensor
flexor
adductor
pronator

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7
Q

trapezius

muscle shape

A

trapezoid

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8
Q

rhomboideus

muscle shape

A

rhomboid

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9
Q

deltoid

muscle shape

A

deltoid shaped or triangular

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10
Q

biceps

muscle shape

A

two heads

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11
Q

triceps

muscle shape

A

three heads

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12
Q

Relative position of muscles

A 
external
internal
abdominal
medial
lateral
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13
Q

intercostal

location

A

between the ribs

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14
Q

pectoralis

location

A

chest

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15
Q

temporalis

site of attachment

A

temporal bone

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16
Q

zygomaticus

site of attachment

A

zygomatic bone

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17
Q

sternohyoid

origin and insertion

A 
sternum = origin
hyoid = insertion
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18
Q

sternocleidomastoid

origin and insertion

A

sternum and clavicle = origins

mastoid process = insertion

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19
Q

maximus

size

A

larger or largest

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20
Q

minimus

size

A

smaller or smallest

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21
Q

brevis

size

A

short

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22
Q

longus

size

A

long

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23
Q

oblique

orientation of fibers

A

diagonal

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24
Q

rectus

orientation of fibers

A

straight

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25
transverse | orientation of fibers
across
26
arthralgia
pain in the joints
27
atrophy
wasting away
28
contraction | microscopic
reduction in size, especially of muscle fibers
29
contracture
abnormal bending of the joint in a fixed position | ex - Dupuytren's contracture
30
fascia
thin sheets of fibrous connective tissue that penetrate and cover the entire muscle
31
tendon
CT - attaches muscle to bone
32
ligament
attaches bone to bone
33
insertion
point of muscle attachment to a bone that moves
34
origin
point of muscle attachment to a bone that is less moveable
35
subluxation
partial dislocation
36
sprain
tearing injury to ligament
37
strain
tearing injury to muscle
38
synovial fluid
thick lubricating fluid in synovial joints
39
bursa
sac that holds synovial fluid
40
flexion
bending motion | decreases the angle between two joints
41
extension
straightening motion | increases the angle between two joints
42
adduction
adding to the midline
43
abduction
moving away from the midline
44
supination
turning the palm up or forward
45
pronation
turning the palm down or backward
46
dorsiflexion
foot decreases the angle between the leg and the top of the foot
47
plantar flexion
foot increases the angle between the leg and top of the foot | motion of planting seed
48
ankylosing spondylitis
arthritis affecting the vertebral column | causes deformities of the spine
49
muscular dystrophy (MD)
weakness and degeneration of muscle without nerve degeneration muscles atrophy genetic
50
bunion (hallux valgus)
abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe
51
ganglion
cystic tumor on a tendon | usually on the back of the wrist
52
gout
form of acute arthritis inflammation of the first metatarsal joint generally in the great toe
53
herniated nucleus pulposus
slipped disk
54
Lyme disease
acute, recurrent inflammatory infection transmitted through the bite of an infected deer tick
55
rheumatoid arthritis
chronic, systemic inflammatory joint disease | mainly small peripheral joints (hands/feet)
56
Plantar fasciitis
inflamed fascia on the plantar side of the foot | painful heel
57
Plantar fasciitis treatment
rest evaluation of shoes and activities NSAIDS
58
arthrocentesis
puncture of a joint with a needle to extract fluid for analysis
59
arthroplasty
reconstruction or replacement of a joint
60
arthroscopy
looking at the interior of a joint with a scope
61
Rheumatoid factor
blood test | measures the unusual antibodies that develop in a number of CT diseases (rheumatoid arthritis)
62
sed rate
sedimentation rate | blood test that measures the rate at which RBC's settle in the bottom of a test tube filled with unclotted blood
63
bi-
BYE twice, double, two
64
bucc/o
BUCK-oh cheek
65
-cele
SEEL swelling or herniation
66
dors/o
DOR-soh back
67
dys-
DISS bad, difficult, painful, disordered
68
electr/o
ee-LEK-troh electrical, electricity
69
fasci/o
FASH-ee-oh band of fibrous tissue
70
fibr/o
FIH-broh fiber
71
-graphy
GRAH-fee process of recording
72
-itis
EYE-tis inflammation
73
kinesi/o
kigh-NEE-zee-oh movement
74
kines/o
kigh-NEE-zoh movement
75
leiomy/o
lye-oh-MY-oh smooth muscle
76
my/o
MY-oh muscle
77
myos/o
my-OH-so muscle
78
pector/o
peck-TOR-oh pertaining to the chest
79
-plegia
PLEE-jee-ah paralysis
80
rhabdomy/o
rab-DOH-my-oh striated muscle; skeletal muscle
81
tax/o
TACK-soh coordination, order
82
tri-
TRY three
83
troph/o
TROH-foh development
84
ankyl/o
ANG-kih-loh stiff
85
arthr/o
AR-throh joint
86
articul/o
ar-TIK-yoo-loh joint
87
burs/o
BER-soh bursa
88
-centesis
sen-TEE-sis surgical puncture
89
-desis
DEE-sis binding or surgical fusion
90
-gram
GRAM record or picture
91
ligament/o
lig-ah-MEN-toh ligament
92
oste/o
OSS-tee-oh bone
93
-plasty
PLAS-tee surgical repair
94
-scopy
SKOH-pee process of viewing with an endoscope
95
ten/o tendin/o tend/o
TEN-oh ten-DIN-oh TEN-doh tendon
96
DIP
distal interphalangeal (joint)
97
ESR (sed rate)
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
98
HNP
herniated nucleus pulposus
99
MCP
metacarpophalangeal (joint)
100
MTP
metatarsophalangeal (joint)
101
OA
osteoarthritis
102
PIP
proximal interphalangeal (joint)
103
RA
rheumatoid arthritis
104
RF
rheumatoid factor
105
SLE
systemic lupus erythematous
106
IM
intramuscular
107
MD
muscular dystrophy
108
DTR
deep tendon reflexes
109
EMG
electromyography

Medical Terminology (18 decks)

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