Ch. 8

Question 1

Pres Jefferson

Answer 1

• limited gov
• ideals of american republicanism
• smaller fed gov
• nation of farmers mostly at this time and a white male electorate
• violence through fighting and dueling
• Sally Hemmings

Question 2

Marbury v Madison

Answer 2

• John Adams appointed William Marbury as last min justice for peace but left office before his commision
• Jefferson refused to deliver it→ Marbury sued
• Jefferson= legal victory→ his party’s overturning of the Judiciary Act stood
• for the first time, the Court asserted the power of judicial review

Question 3

Chief Justice John Marshall

Answer 3

-

Question 4

ideals of religious freedom

Answer 4

• “a wall of separation between church and state” should exist (gov should not interfere with the work of the churches, and the churches should not interfere with, or expect support from) the gov)
• State-sponsored religions: CT., N.H., MA., MD.

Question 5

Second Great Awakening

Answer 5

• first half of 1800s, religious revival (Christianity), characterized by great emotionalism in large public meetings
• Kentucky: Outdoor campgrounds for religious gatherings 1799
• largest den= Methodists and Baptists
• religious prominent in the South (slaves)
• masters feared religious would lead to revolts

Question 6

judicial review

Answer 6

• power that implied in the Constitution that gives federal courts the right to review and determine the constitutionality of acts passed by Congress

Question 7

Louisiana Purchase

Answer 7

• The purchase by the United States from France of the huge Louisiana Territory in 1803
• Offer to buy New Orleans at a time when France needed $$$
• Napoleon offered Louisiana Territory for $15 million
• Constitutional question with the Louisiana Purchase 1803
• double the size of US

Question 8

Corps of Discovery

Answer 8

• the team of soldiers, civilian woodsmen, boatmen, interpreters, and Clark’s slave York-prepared for the trip during the winter of 1803-04

Question 9

War of 1812

Answer 9

• Conflict between France and England was a cause of our war

- one causes= British impressment of soldiers/pirates

Question 10

Embargo Act

Answer 10

• An act passed by Congress in 1807 prohibiting American ships from leaving for any foreign port
• Results of this act: New England shipping was devastated, farmers in all states lost money, and smugglers became active.
• devastated north economy

Question 11

Non-Intercourse Act

Answer 11

-An act passed by Congress designed to modify the Embargo Act by limiting it to trade with Britain and France so as to extend U.S. commerce in the rest of the world.

Question 12

Techumseh and Tenskwatawa

Answer 12

-

Question 13

War Hawks

Answer 13

• • members of Congress, mostly from the South and West, who aggressively pushed for war against Britain after their election in 1810, saw war as just what the country needed
• wanted to attack the small Spanish colonies in Florida and claim the territory for the U.S.

Question 14

Star Spangled Banner

Answer 14

• Fotr McHenry

- Francis Key Scott

Question 15

Hartford Convention

Answer 15

• meeting of Federalist delegates from New England state to protest the continuation of War of 1812
• demanded peace and secession from the Union
• majority opposed secession, insisted on right of nullification, right of state governments to impede Congressional actions
• proposed amendments to protect New England’s power
• Jackson’s victory, the peace treaty, and the convention discredited the Federalist
• “Mr. Madison’s War” level of hostility

Question 16

Battle of New Orleans

Answer 16

• fought after the peace treaty at Hartford
• British planned to attack New Orleans to win control of Mississippi River and cut U.S trade
• Andrew Jackson= hero

Question 17

Daniel Boone

Answer 17

• westward movement
• created first white settlements in Kentucky
• moved to Spanish-controlled Missouri during Revolution
• many Americans followed and assumed rights as American citizens and American sovereignty
• Louisiana Purchase confirmed assumptions

Question 18

Treaty of Ghent

Answer 18

• treaty signed in December 1814 between the U.S. and Britain that ended the War of 1812
• American Peace delegation (Henry Clay, Albert Gallatin, and John Quincy Adams) met British in Ghent, Belgium
• Britain wanted to end battles with U.S to conserve resources
• British asked for large protected zone for Indian allies, but Americans stalled
• ultimately agreed to return all borders and issues to status quo

Question 19

Adams-Onis Treaty

Answer 19

• 1819 treaty with U.S and Spain that led to American acquisition of Florida and American rights in the Oregon Territory in return for a $5 million payment to Spain
• Spain ceded Florida to U.S., transferred Spanish rights of Oregon territory to U.S
• US paid $5 million in Spanish debts
• negotiated with Britain about Oregon, and Adams negotiated Anglo-American Convention where Britain and America agreed to joint control of Pacific Northwest for 10 years
• Adams agreed to 1824 treaty with Russia to set borders of Alaska and the north

Question 20

Monroe Doctrine

Answer 20

• declaration in 1823 that the Western Hemisphere was to be closed off to further European colonization and that the US would not allow European interference in the internal affairs of independent in the internal affairs of independent nations anywhere in the Americas
• foundation of US foreign policy