Ch 8 Flashcards
(36 cards)
WHen did nost animal phyla evolve?
Era paleozoic, period Cambrian
When did coral appear?
Era mesozoic, period triassic
When did corals flourish?
Era mesozoic, period Cretaceous
Current period?
Era Quaternary, period Plaiestocene
What is the anthropocene?
the extent of human influence
Where are most humans located that contribute to anthropogenic impacts?
half the pop live within 200km of the sea;
direct-local vs indirect-global
effects of climate change?
warming and acidification
CO2 levels?
Increased steadily
Effects of CO2 on temp?
Both fluctuate together. ie co2 increases and temperature follows
How has temperature increased over the last 100 years?
steadily, unprecident increase, nit seen in 1000 yrs
Increased temperatures leads to?
bleaching.
What is a degree heating week?
One week of temperatures above 1 degree celsius than max expected summer temp
Bleaching chain of events?
bleached coral-expelled zoo, recovers or dies and algae grows
Where does CO2 go?
atmosphere, ocean, trees
As sea level rises can reefs keep up?
Maybe most fast growing corals have died from bleaching and disease.
As global warming continues what happens?
Hurricanes intensity increases , which breaks up coral, increase sediment load
How has sediment change on reef?
composition increased terrigenous amounts, changes occured between 1940 -2010 and rate
How is sediment production estimated?
GIS based model
What organism benefits from increased nutrients?
algae
In the presence of increased nutrients, algae and coral what happens?
The coral is overgrown by algae even when herbivory is present.
WHat sffect does sewage and fertilizers have on reefs?
introduces disease
What is white pox disease?
caused by human gut bacteria Serratia marcescens
WHat is White band disease?
bacteria associated with widespread mortality of acropora
What is black band disease?
Dark band of organisms that slowly kill coral tissue from lack of O2 and added H2S
