CH10 Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are coral stressors?
temp, ph, reduced herbivory, runoff
When will bleaching episodes be too frequent for recovery?
every 5 years
Where are refuges for coral?
Higher latitudes
How do changing temperatures affect fish?
The move north
How does the Acropora ranges change?
with temperature, now found in Fort Lauderdale
Can corals adapt to higher temperatures?
SOme thrive in small bodies of high temp water
Are there thermal tolerant coral holobiont?
Clade D and some clade C, some species only associate with one clade
Temperatures have been warmer in the past than today, why is coral mortality high?
Unprecedented warming
Can corals adapt to hiher temperatures?
Yes, but will they adapt fast enough
How does coral distribution change with warning?
deeper distribution
Root cause of coral decline?
human population
How do we reduce population?
Promote family population, reduce poverty and infant mortality, promote education for women
As countries develop what happens?
Population growth slows called demographic transition. First death rates decline then birth rate decline
What is the shifting baseline?
People forget what the reefs look like originally and when conditions improve they think it good again
WHat did original food webs have at the top?
Sharks, birds, monk seal and crocodiles, now people dominate
WHat do marine protected areas enhance?
Fish stock, coral resilience
Where to set up MPAs?
centers of endemicity,regions of larval sources, close enough for larval connectivity, where external stressors are low,
what are enviromental impact assessments?
survey that determine how the environment will be affected by development
What is the precautionary principle?
If there is risk to the public or enviro then the burden of proof that it is not harmful falls on those taking an action, unless scientific proof exists
What reef restoration attempts exist?
Growing coral on strings, artifical reefs, reattaching coral, biorock, statues for alternative dive sites
How does converting nature to monetary value help?
It shows the net worth of nature. worth more than the GNP
What are coral reefs worth?
325 bil/yr
How much does destructive fishing and bleaching cost?
2 mil and 8 bil
How much is a dead shark worth vs alive?
$35 vs $3300/ yr
