Ch 8 - Altruism Part 1 (Exam 2)

Question 1

prosocial behaviours

Answer 1

• any act that is performed with the goal of benefitting someone
• can be motivated by self-interest or altruisitc

Question 2

altruism

Answer 2

• actions that benefit someone else and are performed without an expectation of reward

Question 3

the bystander effect

Answer 3

• the greater the number of bystanders, the less likely anyone will provide help
• research inspired by Kitty Genovese

Question 4

Step 1 of bystander intervention model

Answer 4

• notice the event
• time pressure or distractions can get in the way of noticing
• the good Samaritan study

Question 5

Step 2 of bystander intervention model

Answer 5

• interpreting the event as an emergency
• we’re less likely to in the presence of others
• pluralistic ignorance
• informational influence
• the fire study

Question 6

Step 3 of bystander intervention model

Answer 6

• assume responsibility
• diffusion of responsibility
• we assume others will help
• the kindergarten bystander study

Question 7

Step 4 of bystander intervention model

Answer 7

• knowing what type of help is needed
• happens before we actually help, even if we already assumed responsibility
• if we don’t know, we may not help

Question 8

Step 5 of bystander intervention model

Answer 8

• decide to help
• lack of competence
• fear of embarrassment
• danger to self is too high

Question 9

avoiding the bystander effect

Answer 9

• connected to groups (friends)
• social roles
• occupational role ie. may know what to do in a situation
• learning about the bystander effect
• we may help because we don’t want to be judged for not helping