Ch. 8 - Assessment and Testing Flashcards
Appraisal:
- Process of assessing or estimating attributes
- Broad term-could use various methods
Difficulty index
- indicates % of individuals who answered each question correctly
Forced choice
- AKA recognition items
- can control for desirability phenomenon
Normative test
- Participant can legitimately be compared to others who have taken the test
Ipsative test
- Can’t legit compare to others who have taken the test
- does not reveal absolute strengths
- within-person analysis
Power test
- time is not an issue
Achievement test
- measures maximum performance or present level of skill
Personality test/interest inventory
- measures typical performance
Cyclical test
- several sections which are spiral in nature
- gets more difficult with each section
Test battery
- horizontal test
- several measures are used to produce results that could be more accurate than from a single source
Vertical test
- versions for various age brackets or levels of education
Horizontal test
- measures various factors during same testing procedure
Validity
- more important than reliability
- # 1 factor in construction of a test
- a test must measure what it says it will measure
Reliability
- need to give repeated readings which are nearly identical for the same person every single time or across participants (inter-rater reliability)
5 types of validity
1 - construct validity: test’s ability to measure a theoretical construct like intelligence, self-esteem, etc.
2 - concurrent valididty: how well the test compares to other tests measuring the same thing
3 - content valididty: does the test examine or sample under scrutiny? How well it covers all relevant parts of the construct it aims to measure
4 - predictive validity: empirical validity - reflects the test’s ability to predict future behavior according to established criteria
5 - consequential valididty - tries to ascertain the social implications of using the test
A test can be _ but not _
reliable; valid
Reliability measurement
i.e., .70 reliability = 70% of score is accurate and 30% inaccurate
True variance =
- correlation squared
- reliability coefficient AKA coefficient of determination