Ch. 8 Photosynthesis

Question 1

compound used by cells to store and release energy in order for the cell to do mechanical functions

Answer 1

Adenosine Triphosphate(ATP)

Question 2

partially charged energy storage molecule

Answer 2

Adenosine Diphosphate(ADP)

Question 3

ATP consists of:

Answer 3

an adenine
ribose (a 5 carbon sugar)
3 phosphate groups

Question 4

ADP consists of:

Answer 4

an adenine
ribose (a 5 carbon sugar)
2 phosphate groups

Question 5

when the bond between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate groups are broken:

Answer 5

1. ADP is created
2. energy is released

Question 6

The main chemical compound cells use for energy is

Answer 6

ATP

Question 7

what helps ATP to store and supply energy

Answer 7

the 3 phosphate groups

Question 8

What happens when ATP is changed to ADP

Answer 8

1. the last phosphate group is broken off
2. energy is released

Question 9

Why do cells contain only a small amount of ATP

Answer 9

ATP cannot store large amounts of energy for a long time

Question 10

ATP/ biochemical energy powers _________________.

Answer 10

movements through providing power to muscles and other structures

Question 11

ATP helps carry out

Answer 11

active transport

Question 12

ATP is a great way of __________ energy but not __________ large amounts over a long period of time

Answer 12

transferring
storing

Question 13

Heterotrophs:

Answer 13

organisms that obtain food by consuming other living things

Question 14

Autotrophs:

Answer 14

organisms that are capable of making their own food

Question 15

nearly all energy in all food molecules comes from the _______ made by____________.

Answer 15

sun
autotrophs:plants, bacteria, algae

Question 16

photosynthesis:

Answer 16

autotrophs use the energy of sunlight to produce high-energy carbohydrates-sugars and starches that can be used as food

Question 17

the energy if sunlight is stored in chemical bonds of __________.

Answer 17

carbohydrates

Question 18

light energy must first be __________.

Answer 18

captured

Question 19

photosynthetic pigments are

Answer 19

light absorbing molecules

Question 20

chloroplasts:

Answer 20

photosynthetic organelles
where photosynthesis takes place

Question 21

where are chlorophyll pigments?

Answer 21

in the thylakoid membrane

Question 22

thylakoid:

Answer 22

sac like photosynthetic membranes

Question 23

granum:

Answer 23

stack of thylakoids

Question 24

chlorophyll absorbs ________________

Answer 24

light energy

Question 25

when the chlorophyll absorbs light energy it causes

Answer 25

the electrons to become energized

Question 26

compound that can accept a pair of high energy electrons and transfer them, along with most of their energy to another molecule

Answer 26

electron carrier: NADP+

Question 27

how does NADP+ turn into NADPH

Answer 27

when NADP+ accepts and holds 2 high-energy electrons along with a hydrogen ion, it turns into NADPH

Question 28

when NADP+ turns into NADPH some energy of sunlight is _____________.

Answer 28

trapped into chemical form

Question 29

photosynthesis uses the energy of sunlight to:

Answer 29

convert water and carbon dioxide(reactants) into high-energy 6 carbon sugars and oxygen (products)

Question 30

balanced photosynthesis equation:

Answer 30

6CO2+6H2O → C6H12O6+6O2
using the suns energy in the presence of chlorophyll

Question 31

balanced photosynthesis equation using words:

Answer 31

six carbon dioxide molecules reacts with 6 water molecules using the suns energy in the presence of chlorophyll to produce one glucose molecule and 6 oxygen molecules

Question 32

Light dependent reactions uses energy from the sun to make ______.

Answer 32

ATP

Question 33

where do light dependent reactions take place?

Answer 33

in the thylakoid membranes

Question 34

where do light independent reactions take place?

Answer 34

in the stroma outside the thylakoids

Question 35

products of light dependent

Answer 35

oxygen and energy(ATP & NADPH)

Question 36

reactants of light dependent

Answer 36

light(energy), water, NADP+, ADP+P

Question 37

products of light independent

Answer 37

glucose, NADP+, ADP+P

Question 38

reactants of light independent

Answer 38

carbon dioxide, ATP, NADPH

Question 39

light dependent reaction uses energy from sunlight to produce oxygen and convert ______________ into the energy carriers____________

Answer 39

ADP & NADP+
ATP & NADPH

Question 40

photosystem II:

Answer 40

clusters of chlorophyll and proteins in the thylakoid membrane

Question 41

chemiosmosis

Answer 41

movement of the H+ ion across the membrane causes the ATP synthase to spin and bind a phosphate group to ADP to create ATP

Question 42

light independent reaction:

Answer 42

ATP and NADPH produced in light dependent are used to create high energy sugars in the storma

also known as Calvin cycle

Question 43

Calvin cycle:

Answer 43

part of photosynthesis where plants use carbon dioxide, ATP, and NADPH to produce glucose and other organic molecules.