CH. 9 cellular respiration

Question 1

calorie

Answer 1

the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree celsius

Question 2

when cells burn food they are..

Answer 2

breaking bonds

Question 3

when cells burn food, they release energy as______

Answer 3

heat

Question 4

cells prefer to break down bonds gradually and use the stored energy to produce other compounds like_______

Answer 4

ATP

Question 5

Cellular respiration occurs in all ____________

Answer 5

eukaryotic cells

Question 6

Does cellular respiration occur in prokaryotic cells?

Answer 6

No, because prokaryotic cells do not have any organelles

Question 7

cellular respiration formula:

Answer 7

C6H1206 + 602→6CO2+6H20+ATP

glucose+oxygen→
carbon dioxide+water+energy

Question 8

stages of cellular respiration:

Answer 8

1. Glycolysis
2. Krebs Cycle
3. Electron Transport Chain

Question 9

aerobic-

Answer 9

pathways that require oxygen

Question 10

anaerobic-

Answer 10

does not require oxygen

Question 11

where does glycolysis take place?

Answer 11

cytoplasm

Question 12

where does the krebs cycle take place?

Answer 12

mitochondria (matrix)

Question 13

where does the electron transport chain take place?

Answer 13

mitochondria (inner-membrane)

Question 14

what happens to energy in photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Answer 14

photosynthesis- deposits it in a form of glucose

cellular respiration- withdraws it breaking bonds of glucose

Question 15

what happens to carbon dioxide in photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Answer 15

photosynthesis- removes it from the atmosphere

cellular respiration- puts it back in atmosphere

Question 16

what happens to oxygen in photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Answer 16

photosynthesis- releases it into the atmosphere

cellular respiration- takes it in from atmosphere to release energy from food

Question 17

in glycolysis….

Answer 17

glucose is transformed into pyruvic acid

Question 18

products of glycolysis

Answer 18

2 pyruvic acid, 2 ATP, 2 NADH

Question 19

investmnet, production, and net gain of ATP molecules in glycolysis is…

Answer 19

investment- 2
production- 4
net gain- 2

Question 20

NADH is produced by..

Answer 20

4 high energy electrons passed to the electron carriers NAD+

Question 21

1 molecule of _________ bonds are broken

Answer 21

glucose (C6H12O6)

Question 22

in the Krebs cycle…

Answer 22

-pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy extracting steps
-oxygen has to be present

Question 23

in krebs cycle CO2 is _________

Answer 23

exhaled

Question 24

the electrons in NADH, when in presence of oxygen, ______________

Answer 24

generate huge amounts of ATP

Question 25

the electrons are passed down the chain transporting ________

Answer 25

H+ ions

Question 26

as the H+ ions are transported across the membrane it creates a ___________

Answer 26

negative chemiosmosis region

Question 27

every time the electrons move, H+ ions move, thus _____ is created by _________

Answer 27

ATP ATP synthase

Question 28

as each pair of electrons from NADH moves down the lengh of the ETC, ___________ are produced

Answer 28

3 molecules of ATP 2 molecules of FADH2

Question 29

ATP= 38% total energy in glucose

Answer 29

2 from glycolysis 2 from krebs cycle 34 from ETC

Question 30

What is regenerated so glycolysis can continue?

Answer 30

NAD+

Question 31

2 forms of fermentation

Answer 31

Alcoholic and Lactic Acid

Question 32

Alcoholic fermentation produces

Answer 32

ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide

Question 33

causes bread to rise

Answer 33

alcoholic fermentation

Question 34

used for food to create sour tastes

Answer 34

lactic acid fermentation

Question 35

humans are _________

Answer 35

lactic acid fermenters

Question 36

long term energy:

Answer 36

cellular respiration

Question 37

quick energy:

Answer 37

lactic acid fermentation

Question 38

energy stored in the ATP of cells is only supplied for a_________

Answer 38

short burst of energy