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milady esthetics > ch 8 - vocabulary / terms > Flashcards

ch 8 - vocabulary / terms Flashcards

1
Q

active electrode

A

electrode of an electrotherapy device that is used on the area to be treated

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2
Q

alternating current

A
  • abbreviated AC
  • rapid and interrupted current, flowing first in one direction and then in the opposite direction
  • produced by mechanical means and changes directions 60 times per second
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3
Q

ampere

A
  • abbreviated A
  • aka. amp
  • unit that measures the amount of an electric current (quantity of electrons flowing through a conductor)
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4
Q

anaphoresis

A

process of infusing an alkaline (negative) product into the tissues from the negative pole toward the positive pole

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5
Q

anode

A
  • positive electrode
  • usually red and is marked with a P or a plus (+) sign
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6
Q

blue light

A

light-emitting diode for use on clients with acne

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7
Q

cataphoresis

A
  • process of forcing an acidic (positive) product into deeper tissues using galvanic current from the positive pole toward the negative pole
  • tightens and calms the skin
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8
Q

cathode

A
  • negative electrode
  • usually black and is marked with a N or a minus (-) sign
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9
Q

chromophore

A

colored cells or target in the epidermis or dermis that absorbs the laser beam’s thermal energy, causing the desired injury or destruction of the material

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10
Q

circuit breaker

A

switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric circuit at the first indication of overload

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11
Q

complete electric circuit

A

path of an electric current from the generating source through conductors and back to its original source

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12
Q

conductor

A

any substance, material, or medium that easily transmits electricity

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13
Q

converter

A

apparatus that changes direct current to alternating current

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14
Q

desincrustation

A

process used to soften and emulsify sebum and blackheads in the follicles

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15
Q

direct current

A
  • abbreviated DC
  • constant, even-flowing current that travels in one direction only and is produced by chemical means
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16
Q

electric current

A

flow of electricity along a conductor

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17
Q

electricity

A
  • movement of particles around an atom that creates pure energy
  • form of energy that, when in motion, exhibits magnetic, chemical, or thermal effects
  • flow of electrons
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18
Q

electrode

A
  • aka. probe
  • applicator for directing the electric current from an electrotherapy device to the client’s skin
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19
Q

electromagnetic spectrum

A
  • aka. electromagnetic spectrum of radiation
  • made up of all forms of energy whose spectrum ranges from the longest waves to the shortest
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20
Q

electrotherapy

A
  • use of electrical devices to treat the skin and for therapeutic benefits
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21
Q

fuse

A

special device that prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit

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22
Q

galvanic current

A
  • constant and direct current (CD)
  • uses a positive and negative pole to produce the chemical reactions (desincrustation) and ionic reactions (iontophoresis)
23
Q

green light

A

light-emitting diode for use on clients with hyperpigmentation or for detoxifying the skin

24
Q

grounding

A

the ground connection completes the circuit and carries the current safely away to the ground

25
Q

inactive electrode

A

opposite pole from the active electrode

26
Q

infrared light

A
  • longer wavelengths, penetrates more deeply, has less energy, and produces more heat than visible light
  • makes up 60% of natural sunlight
27
Q

insulator

A
  • aka. nonconductor
  • substance that does not easily transmit electricity
28
Q

intense pulse light

A
  • abbreviated IPL
  • medical device that uses multiple colors and wavelengths (broad spectrum) of focused light to treat spider veins, hyperpigmentation, rosacea and redness, wrinkles, enlarged hair follicles and pores, and excessive hair
29
Q

invisible light

A

light at either end of the visible spectrum of light that is invisible to the naked eye

30
Q

iontophoresis

A
  • aka. ionization
  • process of infusing water-soluble products into the skin with the use of electric current, such as the use of positive and negative poles of a galvanic machine or a microcurrent device
31
Q

kilowatt

A
  • abbreviated K
  • 1,000 watts
32
Q

laser

A
  • acronym for light amplification stimulation emission of radiation
  • medical device that uses electromagnetic radiation for hair removal and skin treatments
33
Q

LED

A
  • acronym for light-emitting diode
  • device used to reduce acne, increase skin circulation, and improve the collagen content in the skin
34
Q

light therapy

A
  • aka. phototherapy
  • application of light rays to the skin for the treatment of acne, wrinkles, capillaries, pigmentation, or hair removal
35
Q

microcurrent

A

extremely low level of electricity that mirrors the body’s natural electrical impulses

36
Q

milliampere

A
  • abbreviated mA
  • one-thousandth of an ampere
37
Q

modalities

A

currents used in electrical facial and scalp treatments

38
Q

ohm

A
  • abbreviated O
  • unit that measures the resistance of an electric current
39
Q

photothermolysis

A
  • process by which light from a laser is turned into heat
40
Q

plug

A

two- or three-prong connector at the end of an electrical cord that connects an apparatus to an electrical outlet

41
Q

polarity

A

negative or positive pole of an electric current

42
Q

rectifier

A

apparatus that changes alternating current to direct current

43
Q

red light

A

light-emitting diode for use on clients in the stimulation of circulation and collagen and elastin production

44
Q

Tesla high-frequency current

A
  • aka. violet ray
  • thermal or heat-producing current with a high rate of oscillation or vibration that is commonly used for scalp and facial treatments
  • benefits : stimulates blood circulation, increases elimination and absorption, increases metabolism, improves germicidal action, relieves congestion
45
Q

ultraviolet (UV) radiation

A

invisible rays that have short wavelengths, are the least penetrating rays, produce chemical effects, and kill germs

46
Q

ultraviolet A (UVA)

A
  • often called the aging ray
  • longest wavelength
  • penetrates directly into the dermis of the skin, damaging the collagen and elastin
  • causes skin cancers
  • used in tanning beds
47
Q

ultraviolet B (UVB)

A
  • often called the burning ray
  • associated with sunburns
  • causes skin cancers
48
Q

ultraviolet C (UVC)

A
  • blocked by the ozone layer
  • could virtually cook the Earth
49
Q

visible light

A
  • primary source of light used in facial and scalp treatments
  • light we can see
  • makes up 35% of natural sunlight
50
Q

volt

A
  • abbreviated V
  • aka. voltage
  • unit that measures the pressure or force that pushes the flow of electrons forward through a conductor
51
Q

watt

A
  • abbreviated W
  • measurement of how much electric energy is being used in one second
52
Q

wavelength

A

distance between two successive peaks of electromagnetic waves

53
Q

white light

A
  • referred to as combination light
  • combination of all visible rays of the spectrum
54
Q

yellow light

A
  • light-emitting diode which aids in reducing inflammation and swelling

milady esthetics (46 decks)

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