Ch 9 Flashcards
(27 cards)
What makes the capillaries in the brain unique?
Astrocytes secrete paracrines that promote tight junction formation as part of the blood-brain barrier.
How much of the blood pumped by the heart goes to the brain?
15%
How much of the body’s glucose consumption is the brain responsible for?
About half
What is a propriospinal tract?
A tract that originates and ends in the spinal cord
What does the dorsal column of the spinal cord primarily carry?
Somatic sensory information
D.A.V.E. (Dorsal-afferent/Ventral-efferent)
What do the ventral and lateral columns of the spinal cord primarily carry?
Sensory information, but they carry both afferent and efferent
What kind of information is carried by neurons with their soma in a dorsal root ganglion?
Afferent somatic information
Where do 11 of the 12 cranial nerves originate?
The brainstem
What is the reticular formation?
A network of neurons in the brainstem necessary to be awake
What is the diencephalon composed of?
Thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary
What function is the hypothalamus important for?
Homeostasis
What hormones are released in the “fight or flight” response
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
What is the hippocampus important for?
Learning and memory
What is the amygdala important for?
Emotion and memory
What are the parts of the limbic system?
Amygdala, hippocampus, and cingulate gyrus
What is reflective memory?
Memory for how to do something. Memory for movement or skills
What is declarative memory?
Remembering facts
What is a memory trace in the brain?
Because memories do not represent 1 memory = 1 synapse, some memories may have many synapses that overlap with other memories
What is anterograde amnesia?
Inability to remember new information
Where is the writing center for most people?
Left hemisphere
Where is the speech center for most people?
Left hemisphere
What is the pre-central gyrus also known as?
Primary motor cortex
What is the post-central gyrus also known as?
Primary somatosensory cortex
What are the 5 somatic senses?
Touch, temperature, pain, itch, propioception
