ch 9 Flashcards
(30 cards)
define goals
desired outcomes
define plans
document outlining how to meet goals
stated goals
official statement of org
real goals
goal that org actually pursues
strategic plan
applies to whole org
document outlining goals and how to achieve them
operational plans
encompass particular area of org
detailed day to day plan for short term goals
long term plan
3+ years
short term plan
less than a year
specific plan
…specific
no room for interpretation
directional plan
flexible and general guidelines
figure out the general direction we are going
single use plan
one time
for specific situation
ongoing plan
guidance for activities performed repeatedly
traditional goal setting
top managers set goals that flow down
less clear with lower level interpretation
means-end chain goal setting
connected goals that make domino effect of completion
management by objectives
managing based on mutually agreed goals by employees and managers
steps of goal setting
review mission
eval available resources
determine goals
write down and communicate them
review results
org level contingency factors
depends what strat we use at higher level
depends what operational plans at lower level
degree of enviro uncertainty
contingency factor
specific plan for stable enviro
specific but flexible for dynamic environment
length of future commitments
contingency factors
current plans that impact future must be sufficiently long term
traditional approach to planning
top level managers helped by formal planning dept.
planning in dynamic environment
specific but flexible
ongoing planning
define black swan events
hugely impactful surprise
inappropriately rationalized in hindsight
define environmental scanning
screen info to detect trends
define competitor intelligence
info from competitors to anticipate their actions
