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CBD_PSY > Ch1 - INTRO TO PSY > Flashcards

Ch1 - INTRO TO PSY Flashcards

1
Q

What is Psychology

A

the scientific study of behavior and mental process

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2
Q

what is mental process

A

encompasses what they do, thoughts, emotions, perceptions, reasoning process, memories, and biological activities that maintain bodily function

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3
Q

what is behavioral genetics

A

studies the inheritane of traits related to behavior

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4
Q

behavioral neuroscience

A

examines the biological basis of behavior

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5
Q

climate and environmental pscyhology

A

considers how climate change affects behavior and the relationship between people and their physical environment

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6
Q

clinical neuropsychology

A

unites the areas of biopsychology and clinical psychology focusing on relation between biological factors and psychological disorders

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7
Q

clinical psychology

A

the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders.

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8
Q

cognitive psychology

A

the study of higher mental processes

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9
Q

counseling psychology

A

focuses on educational, social, and career adjustment problems.

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10
Q

cross cultural psychology

A

the similarities and differences in psychological functioning in and across various cultures and ethnic groups

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11
Q

developmental psychology

A

how people grow and change from the moment of conception through death

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12
Q

diversity science

A

how society’s diversity affects individual and group behavior

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13
Q

educational psychology

A

concerned with teaching and learning processes

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14
Q

evolutionary psychology

A

considers how behavior is influenced by our genetic inheritance from our ancestors

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15
Q

experimental psychology

A

studies the proces of sensing percieving learning and thinking about the world

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16
Q

forensic psychology

A

focuses on legal issues such as determining the accuracy of witness memories

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17
Q

health psychology

A

explores the relationship between psychological factors and physical ailments of disease

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18
Q

industrial/organizational psychology

A

concerned with psychology of the workplace

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19
Q

personality psychology

A

focuses on the consistency in peoples behavior over time and traits that differ an individual from another

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20
Q

program evaluation

A

focuses on assessing large scale programs to determine whether they are effective in meeting their goals

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21
Q

psychology of women

A

focuses on issues such as discrimination against women the cause of violence against women

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22
Q

school psychology

A

counseling children in elementary and secondary school that have academic or emotional problems

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23
Q

social psychology

A

study of how peoples thoughts feelings and actions are affected by others

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24
Q

sport psychology

A

applies psychology to athletic activity and exercise.

25
phD psychology
doctor of philosophy requires a dissertation based on an original investigation
26
psyD psychology
doctor of psychology focuses on treatment of psychological disorders
27
psychiatrist
medical degree and specializes in diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders, often using treatments involving prescription drugs.
28
structuralism
Wilhelm Wundt - focused on INTROSPECTION TO uncover the fundamental mental components of perception, consciousness, thinking emotions, and other kinds of mental states and activities
29
introspection
a procedure in which people are presented with a stimulus and asked to describe what they were experiencing
30
Wilhelm Wundt
Father of Structuralism
31
functionalism
William James - concentrated on what the mind does and how behavior functions examined how behavior allows people to satisfy their needs and how our consciousness permits us to adapt to our environment
32
gestalt pscyhology
emphasized how perception is organized. studying how people consider individual elements together as units or wholes. "the whole is different from the sum of its parts"
33
todays perspectives
neuroscience psychodynamic behavioral cognitive humanistic
34
neuroscience
views behavior from the perspective of biological function
35
cognitive
examines how people understand and think
36
behavioral
focuses on observable behavior
37
humanistic
contends that people can control their behavior and they naturally try to reach their full potential
38
psychodynamic
believes behavior is motivated by inner unconscious forces over which a person has little control
39
steps of scientific method
1 identifying questions of interest 2 formulating an explanation 3 carrying out research designed to support or refute the explanation 4 communicating the findings
40
key issues and controversies
1 nature vs nurture 2 conscious vers unconscious causes of behavior 3 observable behavior vs internal mental processes 4 free will vs determinisim 5 individual differences vs universal principles
41
scientific method
systematically acquire knowledge and understanding about behavior and other phenomena of interest
42
Theories
broad explanations and predictions concerning phenomena of interest - provide a framework for understanding the relationship among a set of otherwise unorganized facts
43
Hypothesis
a prediction stated in a way that allows it to be tested - stem from theories
44
operational definition
the translation of a hypothesis into specific testable procedures that can be measured and observed in an experiment
45
archival research
existing data, census documents, college records, online databases, newspaper articles
46
naturalistic observation
investigator observes some naturally occurring behavior and does not make a change in the situation.
47
survey research
a sample of people are chose to represent a larger group of interested and asked a series of questions about their thoughts and attitudes
48
ethnographic research
in depth extended examination of people in their own environment - using interviews and observation of everyday life
49
the case study
in depth intensive investigation of a single individual or small group.
50
correlational research
two sets of variables are examined to determine whether they are associated or correlated
51
descriptive research
1 Archival research 2 naturalistic observation 3 survey research 4 ethnographic research 5 the case study 6 correlational research
52
experimental research
a researcher investigates the relationship between two or more variables by deliberately changing one variable in a controlled situation and observing the effects
53
experimental manipulation
the change that the researcher deliberately makes
54
experimental group
any group that receives a treatment
55
control group
a group that receives no treatment
56
independant variable
the condition that is manipulated by an experimenter
57
dependent variable
variable that is measured and ix expected to change as a result of changes caused by the experimenter
58
random assignment to condition
participants are assigned to different experimental groups or conditions on the basis of chance and chance alone

CBD_PSY (5 decks)

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