ch7 - motivation and emotion

Question 1

motivation

Answer 1

the factors that direct and energize the behacior of humans and other organism.
biological cognititve and social aspects

Question 2

instinct

Answer 2

inborn patterns of behavior that are biologically determined rather than learned

Question 3

instinct approaches to motivation

Answer 3

people and animals are born preprogramed with sets of behaviors essential to their survival

Question 4

drive reduction

Answer 4

lack of some basic biological requirement produces a drive to obtain that requirement.

Question 5

a drive

Answer 5

motivational tension or arousal tat energizes behavior to fulfill a need

Question 6

primary drives

Answer 6

basic drives related to biological needs of the body or species as a whole; hunger thirst sleep sex

Question 7

secondary drives

Answer 7

prior experience and learning bring about needs. ie Academic or professional achievements

Question 8

arousal approaches to motivation

Answer 8

people try to maintain a steady level of stimulation and activity. neither too high nor too low

Question 9

incentive approaches to motivation

Answer 9

motivation stems from the desire to obtain valued external goals or incentives.

Question 10

cognitive approaches to motivation

Answer 10

motivation is a product of peoples thoughts, expectations, and goals / cognitions

Question 11

intrinsic motivation

Answer 11

causes us to participate in an activity for our own enjoyment rather than for any concrete tangible reward

Question 12

extrinsic motivation

Answer 12

causes us to do something for money a grade or some other concrete tangible reward

Question 13

hindrance stressors

Answer 13

stressors that employees see as outside their control and as barriers to good performance

Question 14

challenge stressors

Answer 14

stressors that employees see as something they can overcome such as learning a new skill that can get the job done more effectively.
motivates employees to work harder

Question 15

self actualization

Answer 15

a state of self fulfillment in which people realize their highest potentials in their own unique way.

Question 16

self determination theory

Answer 16

people have the need 3 basics; competence, autonomy, relatedness.
(this are considered universal across cultures and essential as a basic biological need)

Question 17

competence

Answer 17

the need to produce desirable outcomes

Question 18

autonomy

Answer 18

the perception that we have control over our own lives

Question 19

relatedness

Answer 19

the need to be involved in close warm relationships with others.

Question 20

hierarchy of needs

Answer 20

needs form a hierachy before higher order needs are met, lower order needs must be fulfilled.

Question 21

maslows hierachy

Answer 21

1. physiological needs
2. safety needs
3. love and belongingness
4. esteem
5. self actualization

Question 22

weight set point

Answer 22

particular level of weight that the body strives to maintain, regulating food intake.

Question 23

mtabolism

Answer 23

the rate at which food is converted to energy and expended by the body

Question 24

androgens

Answer 24

male sex hormone

Question 25

estrogen

Answer 25

female sex hormone

Question 26

progesterone

Answer 26

female sex hormone

Question 27

thematic apperception test TAT

Answer 27

measuring instrument for a persons need for achievement.

Question 28

need for affiliation

Answer 28

an interest in establishing and maintaining relationships with other people.

Question 29

need for power

Answer 29

a tendency to seek impact control or influence over others and to be seen as a powerful individual

Question 30

emotions

Answer 30

feelings that generally have both physiological and cognitive elements and that influence behavior

Question 31

James Lang Theory

Answer 31

Emotions are experienced because of physiological changes producing sensations activation of visceral bodily changes >>> brain interprets visceral changes as emotional experiences

Question 32

Cannon Bard Theory

Answer 32

Physiological arous and emotions happen at the same time. Activation of thalamus >>activation of bodily changes in response to brain >> message to cortex regarding emotional experience

Question 33

Schachter Singer Theory

Answer 33

cognitive view of emotions where the are determined by physiological arousal and labeling of that arousal observation of environmental cues >> determination of label to place on arousal, identifying emotional experience.