Ch10: Higher Level Enzymes And Energy Carriers

Question 1

ADP:
1. What does it stand for
2. Where is it found
3. Low or high energy
4. What is it made of

Answer 1

1. Adenosine Diphosphate
2. Cells of all organisms
3. Low energy
4. Base adenine, 5-carbon sugar called ribose and 2 phosphate groups

Question 2

ATP:
1. What does it stand for
2. How is it formed
3. Low or high energy
4. How many cells broken down per second and why

Answer 2

1. Adenosine Triphosphate
   2.When another phosphate group is added to ADP, extra energy is also added in the form of the bond between the last two phosphate groups
2. High energy
3. 10 million ATP cells per second, to release energy for metabolic reactions

Question 3

What is phosphorylation?

Answer 3

Adding a phosphate group

Question 4

Explain how ATP is stored and broken downx

Answer 4

-ATP carries energy around in cells
-It cannot carry energy for very long, so the energy must be used immediately

-When broken down, it releases energy and converts to ADP

Question 5

What is the formation of ATP

Answer 5

ADP + Energy + P —> ATP + water

Question 6

What is the breakdown of ATP

Answer 6

ATP + Water —> ADP + energy + P

Question 7

Explain NADP+

Answer 7

-Low energy molecule involved in photosynthesis

Question 8

NADPH:
1. How is it formed
2. High or low energy
3. Its role in photosynthesis

Answer 8

1. NADP+ combines with 2 high energy electrons and a H+ ion to form NADPH
2. High energy
3. Used in photosynthesis to form glucose

Question 9

Equation for NADPH

Answer 9

NADP+(low energy) + 2 electrons + H+ —> NADPH (high energy)

Question 10

Explain NAD+

Answer 10

A low energy molecule involved in respiration

Question 11

How is NADH formed?

Answer 11

NAD+ combines with 2 high energy electrons and a H+ ion to form NADH

Question 12

Equation for NADH

Answer 12

NAD+ + 2 electrons + H+ ion —> NADH

Question 13

What do both NADPH and NADH release when they break down to NADP+ and NAD+

Answer 13

Energy and protons, which are used by the cells