Ch11 Biodiversity Flashcards
What is Genetic Diversity?
Genetic Diversity is the variety of alleles found in the genes in a particular species
What is the important of genetic diversity?
Greater the genetic diversity, the more variation there is.
This means that the population is less susceptible to new selection pressures.
So, population is less likely to be wiped out by a single event or disease.
What is Polymorphism and what is Monomorphism?
Polymorphism is the alleles of the same gene that are always found at the same locus on a chromosome.
Locus = where on the chromosomes the alleles are.
Monomorphism is where the gene only has 1 allele (e.g. gene to make salivary amylase)
What is the calculation for genetic diversity using gene loci?
Proportion of polymorphic gene loci = no. of polymorphic gene loci / total no. loci
Define: Species.
Species - a group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
What is a habitat?
A habitat is an area inhabited by species. Includes all biotic and abiotic factors.
What is habitat diversity?
No. different habitats within an area.
What is species richness?
Species Richness = the no. diff. species in particular area, at particular time. The higher the no. species, the richer the area.
What is species evenness?
Species Evenness is the comparison of the size of population (no. individuals) of different species within area.
What is an allele?
A version of a gene.
What are genetic bottlenecks?
When large no. population die prior to reproducing, leading to reduced biodiversity within population.
What is the Founder Effect?
Founder Effect is when few individuals of species colonise new area, their offspring initially experience loss in genetic variation and rare alleles become more common in population.
Simpsons Index of Diversity:
Explain sampling plants using quadrats
Explain capture, mark , release and recapture method of sampling:
Explain Random Sampling:
Explain Systematic Sampling:
Explain Stratified Sampling:
Explain Opportunistic sampling:
State some factors that affect biodiversity:
In depth- explain how deforestation, agriculture and climate change affect biodiversity:
What are the 3 reasons for maintaining biodiversity- explain why each one is important.
What are wildlife reserves?
What are marine conservation zones?
What are botanic gardens?
What are seed banks?
What are captive breeding programmes>
Name and Explain 2 conservation Agreements:
