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American History > Ch2 - The Thirteen Original Colonies > Flashcards

Ch2 - The Thirteen Original Colonies Flashcards

(75 cards)

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0
Q

William Tyndale

A

Gave England first printed English bible

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1
Q

John Wycliffe

A

Had entire bible translated into English for the first time, called morning star if the reformation

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2
Q

Henry VIII

A

Broke English ties with Catholic Church

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3
Q

Magna Carta

A

First established a form of limited representative government

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4
Q

Year magna Carta was signed

A

1215

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5
Q

John Cabot

A

Italian navigator who sailed for England and discovered Newfoundland

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6
Q

Sir Martin Frobisher

A

Sent by Queen Elizabeth to find northwest passage

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7
Q

Sir Francis drake

A

First Englishman to sail around world

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8
Q

Dissenters

A

Those who opposed the official English church

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9
Q

Two largest groups of dissenters

A

Catholics and puritans

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10
Q

Separatists

A

Puritans who formed their own churches

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11
Q

Divine right of kings

A

The absolute monarchy is the only form of government sanctioned by god and rulers receive absolute power from him

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12
Q

Inflation

A

When the price of goods rises steadily

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13
Q

Enclosure movement

A

Landholders evicting farmers or forcing them to raise sheep

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14
Q

Sir Humphrey Gilbert

A

First Englishman to try to colonize America

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15
Q

John White

A

Went with a party of over 100 settlers to settle in Roanoke

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16
Q

Joint stock company

A

Several businessmen invested stock in a single company to start a colonizing venture

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17
Q

Two companies granted charters to settle virginia

A

London company and Plymouth company

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18
Q

Problems of Jamestown settlement

A

1) malaria in low-lying land
2) contaminated river water
3) colonists unwilling to work

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19
Q

Common-store system

A

Jamestown’s communal system of dividing everyone’s profits among the town

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20
Q

Starving time

A

Jamestowns name for winter of 1609-1610

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21
Q

John Rolfe

A

Married Pocahontas and taught Virginian colonists to grow tobacco

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22
Q

Indentured servant

A

One whose passage to the Americas was paid for by a colonist and in return served that colonist for a set period of time

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23
Q

Year slave trade started in North America

A

1619

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24
Precedents
Happenings that serve as examples to be followed in our future
25
Year house of burgesses started
1619
26
Bacons rebellion
Nathaniel bacon led a volunteer militia against Indians against governors wishes and burned Jamestown to the ground
27
Private enterprise
Individuals are free to make a loving and prosper on their own initiative
28
Council for New England
The new name for the Plymouth Company
29
James I
Opposed religious freedom because he thought those who questioned his religious authority were also questioning his political authority
30
Pilgrims
Separatists who fled England for holland then went on to the new world
31
Sir Edwin Sandys
English Puritan nobleman who helped pilgrims secure a permission for the pilgrims to settle in Virginia
32
The Speedwell
The pilgrims' first ship
33
Strangers
Non-separatists on the mayflower
34
Mayflower compact
Pilgrims document to establish a civil body politic
35
Year pilgrims landed in New Plymouth
1620
36
William Brewster
Pilgrims' pastor
37
History of Plymouth plantation
The first American history book
38
General court
The pilgrims' democratic legislative body
39
Miles Standish
Commander in chief of the pilgrims' military defense force
40
John Alden
Held various political offices in pilgrim colony
41
Charles I
Vowed to rule without parliament
42
Massachusetts bay company
Joint stock company composed mostly of Puritan businessmen
43
Puritan work ethic
The belief that work is a gift from god and a means if glorifying him
44
Yankee
Descendant of early New England Puritan, hardworking and industrious
45
John Winthrop
Governor of Massachusetts bay colony
46
1630
Year in which 700 colonists set sail for Massachusetts bay
47
Great migration
A wave if puritans into the new world fleeing religious persecution in 1633
48
Congregational
When a church governs itself
49
Thomas hooker
Led his congregation to settle Connecticut
50
Fundamental orders of Connecticut
The first written constitution in America
51
Roger Williams
Congregationalist who was banished from Massachusetts and went on to found Rhode Island
52
New England Confederation
First voluntary American union
53
Anne Hutchinson
A woman banished from Massachusetts for contradicting Puritan leaders' teachings
54
Sir Edmund Andros
Appointed by King James II to govern the dominion of New England
55
Proprietary colonies
Colonies based on land grants from King to individual owners
56
George Calvert
First lord Baltimore, founded Maryland but died before charter was issued
57
Cecilius Calvert
Second lord Baltimore, carried out project of colonization of Maryland
58
Leonard Calvert
Brother of Cecilius, became Maryland's first governor
59
Toleration act
Passed in 1649, granted religious freedom to all Christians in Maryland
60
Charles Town
Charleston, established in south of Carolina by colonists if various nationalities and faiths
61
Henry Hudson
Explored Hudson and Delaware River valleys for Dutch east India company
62
Petr Minuit
Purchased manhattan island for Dutch east India company
63
New Netherlands
Fort orange (Albany), new Amsterdam (New York), and other Dutch settlements along Hudson and Delaware rivers
64
Fort Christina
Swedish fort in Delaware, first successful settlement in Delaware
65
Patroons
An individual granted a tract of land by Dutch East India company who brought 50 settlers to his land and had extensive control over them
66
Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley
Two noblemen given the land of New Jersey by King James II
67
Quakers
Faced persecution in England and the colonies
68
William Penn
Quaker who founded Pennsylvania
69
Largest city in colonies
Philadelphia
70
James Oglethorpe
Founded Georgia as a place for debtors to work off debts and prosper
71
Peter Stuyvesant
Governor of New Netherland who did not want to give up land to England
72
New Sweden
The area of Delaware settled by Swedes
73
Albemarle sound
Where North Carolinians settled
74
Pennsylvania Dutch
German settlers in Pennsylvania

American History (9 decks)

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