Ch3:birth

Question 1

Birth

Answer 1

• Drugs during Labor and Delivery
• Systemic Analgesics: Tylenol (acetominophen)
• Local Anesthesia (emergencies)
• General Anesthesia

Question 2

• Regional Analgesia

Answer 2

• Epidural block

* 60% U.S

Question 3

Lamaze method

Answer 3

• Take a deap 6 count breath
• Relase for 6 counts
• Reapeat

Question 4

what percentage of birth occur in hospitital

Answer 4

99%

Question 5

what does the fathers presence do at the birth?

Answer 5

• Less pain
• Less meds
• Faster delivery
• Fewer Complications

Question 6

Stage 1: Dialation and Effacement

Answer 6

Latent phase: contractions are relatively far apart and are not very uncomfortable
Active phase: dilation of the cervix from 3–4 centimeters

Question 7

Stage 2: Birth of the baby

Answer 7

Usually head first, face down

Breech Presentation: Feet or buttocks firs

Question 8

Stage 3

Answer 8

delivery of the umbilica cord and placenta (afterbirth

Question 9

what are the three stages of birth?

Answer 9

stage 1 : dialation and effacement , stage 2: birth of baby, stage 3: umbilical and placenta

Question 10

what are the most common Birth Complications

Answer 10

Anoxia(umbilical cord callapes or is pinched= decrease in blood oxygen, TIME is critical
• Loss of oxygen immediately surrounding birth
• Cerebral palsy, mental retardation

Question 11

Apgar Scale

Answer 11

• Done at birth and then 5 minutes later
• At 5 minutes 85-90% score 9 or 19(10-max)

Less than 4+ meidcal intervention requir

Question 12

Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale

Answer 12

• Tracks development over 2 weeks
• Looking for CNS function (responses to stimuli and refleces
• Sometimes the parents need to be trained

Question 13

what is the optimal birth weight?

Answer 13

3,000 to 5,000 grams (6.6 to 11 pounds)

Question 14

Low Birth Weight

Answer 14

(Below 2,5000 graws or 5.5 pounds) Close to 1005S survival

Question 15

VLBW(very low birth weight)

Answer 15

1500 g/3.3 lb

Question 16

ELBW ( extremely low birth weight)

Answer 16

1000 g/ 2.2

Question 17

is there gender differences among development of LBW babies

Answer 17

yes lbw girls develoment better than LBW boys

Question 18

Preterm

Answer 18

born before week 38

Question 19

what are the causes of preterm infants?

Answer 19

mom who smokes, malnutrition

Question 20

Respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 20

Lungs lack a chemical to stay inflate

Question 21

Developmental nursursey

Answer 21

very dark, quite, because central nervous systems is so imature

Question 22

Adaptive Reflexes

Answer 22

Disappear during first year of life
• Help survival
• Sucking
• Swallowing
• Rooting: akaa stroking the cheek and baby turns towards it
• Weak or absent reflexes warn of possible neuronal development problems

Question 23

Primitive Reflexes

Answer 23

• Controlled by the medulla and midbrain
• Disappearance of these reflexes should occur by 6 to 8 months
• Persistence indicate neurological problems

Question 24

how much time do neonates sleep?

Answer 24

about 90% of the time

Question 25

when do babies begin to sleep through the night?

Answer 25

by about 8 weeks and can sleep for 3-5 hours

Question 26

how long does a 6 month old sleep?

Answer 26

14 hours per day, 8-10 hours a night

Question 27

how much do neonates cry?

Answer 27

-2% to 11% of the day spent crying

Question 28

when does crying increase?

Answer 28

2-3 hrs/day at 6 weeks

Question 29

when does crying decrease?

Answer 29

1hr/day by 3 months

Question 30

Colic

Answer 30

* Persistent and often inconsolable cring, totaling more than 3 hours per day * 15-20% of infants * Appear around 2 weeks Disappers at 3-4 ,pmtjs

Question 31

Cephaocaudal

Answer 31

development proceeds from head to toe

Question 32

Priximodista

Answer 32

Development process fromm trunk out towards th efing

Question 33

Temperament

Answer 33

Inborn predispositions that form foundations of personality

Question 34

what three temperament did Thomas and Chess ?

Answer 34

Easy child, slow to warm up child, difficult child

Question 35

what percentage of babies were easy child?

Answer 35

40%

Question 36

what percentage of baibes were difficult childs?

Answer 36

10%

Question 37

what percentage of babies were slpw tp war up childs?

Answer 37

1%

Question 38

how is breast feading superior nutrionally?

Answer 38

* Contributes to more rapid weight gain and size * Less likely to suffer from coomon illnesses * Stimulates better immune system functioning * May not be possible for all mothers * Diarrhea, colic,

Question 39

how can bottle-feading compare to breastfeading?

Answer 39

* Can be high quality * Special needs formulas availibel * Baabies can be held and cuddled in the same way aas breastfed babies * Infant social reactions are identical to breastfed babies

Question 40

when should you introduce solid foods to your infant?

Answer 40

• Should start between 4-5 months

Question 41

what should be the first food you introduce to your baby?

Answer 41

rice cereal with iron

Question 42

ate what rate should you introduce new foods to your baby?

Answer 42

no more than 1 new food a week

Question 43

Well Baby Care

Answer 43

Motor skills assed by doctor

Question 44

why is diarhea common and why can it be deadly?

Answer 44

* Worldwide-common and deadly * 3.5 million infants and chidren each year * Vitrually all deaths could be prevented with fluids

Question 45

how many colds does a baby get in there first year of life?

Answer 45

7 colds

Question 46

Ear infections(Ottis Media)

Answer 46

• Inflammation of middle ear caused by bacterial infection | Parents should not ignore chornic OM, because…..? It could effect hearing

Question 47

Sudden Infant Deaht Syndrome (SIDS)

Answer 47

* Apparently healthy baby dies suddenly * More common in babies with apnea * More frequen in baibes who sleep on their stomachs ] Higher risk if mother smokes during pregancy or anyone smokes in the home ater birth