ch6pt1

Question 1

two parts of cutaneous membrane

Answer 1

epidermis and dermis

Question 2

contains dense connective tissues

Answer 2

inner dermis

Question 3

area of loose connective tissue

Answer 3

hypodermis / subcutaneous

Question 4

originates/anchors in dermis, some extend to epidermis (skin surface)

Answer 4

accessory structures

Question 5

hair, nails, multicellular exocrine glands

Answer 5

accessory structures

Question 6

skin protects underlying

Answer 6

tissues and organs

Question 7

skin excretes salts, water, and

Answer 7

organic waste (glands)

Question 8

the integumentary system maintains a steady

Answer 8

body temperature

Question 9

produces melanin, keratin, and synthesizes vitamin D3

Answer 9

functions of skin

Question 10

the skin detects touch,

Answer 10

pressure, pain, and temperature

Question 11

most abundant cells in epidermis

Answer 11

keratinocytes

Question 12

arranged in 4 or 5 general layers of keratinocytes

Answer 12

thin skin (4) and thick skin (5)

Question 13

thin in thin skin, thick in thick skin (palms and soles). Most outer layer of epidermis

Answer 13

stratum corneum

Question 14

nutrients and oxygen diffuse from capillaries in the dermis. cells farthest from dermis are dead

Answer 14

avascular stratified squamous epithelium

Question 15

the five strata of keratinocytes are (from bottom to top)

Answer 15

stratum basale, s. spinosum, s. granulosum, s. lucidum (thick skin only), s. corneum

Question 16

staple like objects which connect s. basale to basement membrane

Answer 16

hemidesmosomes

Question 17

extends down towards dermis and causes fingerprints

Answer 17

epidermal ridges

Question 18

dermis formations extending up towards epidermis

Answer 18

dermal papillae

Question 19

most abundant cells in s. basale

Answer 19

basal cells (germinative cells)

Question 20

special cells in stratum basale (2)

Answer 20

Merkel cells and melanocytes

Question 21

respond to touch, found in hairless skin in s. basale

Answer 21

Merkel cells

Question 22

contains the pigment melanin, scattered in s. basale with processes into upper layers

Answer 22

melanocytes

Question 23

8 to 10 layers of keratinocytes bound by desmosomes, produced by division of cells in s. basale

Answer 23

stratum. spinosum

Question 24

contain dendritic (Langerhans) cells active in immune response (phagocytize pathogens and skin cancers)

Answer 24

s. spinosum

Question 25

3-5 layers of Keratinocytes, derived from s. spinosum.

Answer 25

s. granulosum

Question 26

layer where cells stop dividing, start producing keratin and keratohyalin

Answer 26

s. granulosum

Question 27

makes cells water/abrasion resistant. tough and fibrous protein in hair, skin, and nails

Answer 27

keratin

Question 28

dense granules promote dehydration of cells. promotes gathering and cross-linking of keratin fibers

Answer 28

keratohyalin

Question 29

found only in thick skin. flat, densely packed cells filled with keratin

Answer 29

stratum lucidum

Question 30

surface layer of skin, sheds every two week. 15-30 layers of keratinized cells (thick skin about 100)

Answer 30

s. corneum

Question 31

formation of dead, keratin packed cells. occurs on every surface except eyes.

Answer 31

keratinization

Question 32

it takes ______ days from cell to move from s. basale to s. corneum

Answer 32

15-30

Question 33

types of perspiration

Answer 33

sensible and insensible

Question 34

water excreted by sweat glands. you can tell it's happening

Answer 34

sensible perspiration

Question 35

interstitial fluid lost by evaporation. perspiration you can't sense

Answer 35

insensible perspiration