ch6pt2

Question 1

skin color is influence by (2)

Answer 1

pigments and blood flow

Question 2

pigments affecting skin color

Answer 2

carotene and melanin

Question 3

can be converted to vitamin A, accumulates in epidermal cells and fatty tissues of dermis

Answer 3

carotene

Question 4

produced by melanocytes in s. basale, stored in transport vesicles (melanosomes), transferred to keratinocytes

Answer 4

melanin

Question 5

yellowish pigment waste, cleaned by liver

Answer 5

bilirubin

Question 6

protects skin from sun damage (UV radiation)

Answer 6

melanin production from melanocytes

Question 7

pigment found in RBC (red blood cells)

Answer 7

hemoglobin

Question 8

oxygen bound to hemoglobin turns blood

Answer 8

bright red

Question 9

severe reduction in blood flow or oxygenation. appears first in lips and nails

Answer 9

cyanosis (bluish skin tint)

Question 10

epidermal cells produce ______ in the presence of UV radiation

Answer 10

vitamin D3/cholecalciferol

Question 11

__________ convert vitamin D3 into ________

Answer 11

liver and kidneys; calcitriol

Question 12

vitamin D3 helps with the absorption of

Answer 12

calcium and phosphorus

Question 13

can cause rickets (weak/bendy bones)

Answer 13

insufficient vitamin D3

Question 14

between epidermis and hypodermis/subcutaneous

Answer 14

dermis

Question 15

anchors hair follicles and sweat glands. provides nutrients to epidermis using diffusion

Answer 15

dermis

Question 16

two components of dermis

Answer 16

papillary layer and reticular layer

Question 17

areolar connective tissue. contains small capillaries, lymphatics, and sensory neurons.

Answer 17

papillary layer

Question 18

_________ project up between epidermal ridges in papillary layer

Answer 18

dermal papillae

Question 19

deeper layer of dermis. dense irregular connective tissue.

Answer 19

reticular layer

Question 20

contains larger blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerve fibers. contains collagen and elastic fibers

Answer 20

reticular layer

Question 21

has nerves

Answer 21

innervated

Question 22

nerves fibers in skin control

Answer 22

blood flow, gland secretions

Question 23

two types of sensory receptors

Answer 23

tactile corpuscles and lamellated corpuscles

Question 24

sensory receptors in dermal papillae. sense lighter touches. aka Meissner’s corpuscles

Answer 24

tactile corpuscles

Question 25

sensory receptors in reticular layer of dermis. sense deep pressure and vibration. aka Pacinian corpuscles

Answer 25

lamellated corpuscles

Question 26

hypodermis (subcutaneous) layer is comprised of

Answer 26

connective tissue and adipose tissue

Question 27

insulation, energy reserves, shock absorber and stabilizer

Answer 27

adipose tissue

Question 28

hypodermis is connected to the reticular layer by

Answer 28

interwoven collagen fibers

Question 29

covers everywhere except palms, soles, lips, and parts of external genitalia

Answer 29

hair

Question 30

located deep in dermis, wrapped in dense connective tissue sheath

Answer 30

hair follicle

Question 31

base of hair follicle surrounded by sensory nerves

Answer 31

root hair plexus

Question 32

involuntary smoot muscle connected to hair root

Answer 32

arrector pili

Question 33

secretes sebum, lubricates, controls bacteria

Answer 33

sebaceous glands

Question 34

anchors hair, lower part beneath surface

Answer 34

hair root

Question 35

exposed part of hair, not attached to the integument

Answer 35

hair shaft

Question 36

part of hair containing capillaries

Answer 36

hair papilla

Question 37

swollen region/base of hair

Answer 37

hair bulb

Question 38

hair bulb produces _______ (dividing basal cells)

Answer 38

hair matrix

Question 39

determined by genes. produced by melanocytes near hair papilla

Answer 39

hair color

Question 40

types of hair (2)

Answer 40

vellus hairs and terminal hairs

Question 41

soft, fine hairs. covers body

Answer 41

vellus hairs

Question 42

thick, may be heavily pigmented hair. on head, eyebrows, and lashes. spreads after puberty

Answer 42

terminal hairs

Question 43

glands which secrete oils onto the skin

Answer 43

sebaceous glands

Question 44

types of sweat (sudoriferous) glands

Answer 44

apocrine glands and merocrine (eccrine) glands

Question 45

Sudoriferous glands which excrete watery sweat

Answer 45

merocrine (eccrine) glands

Question 46

sebaceous gland associated with hair follicles

Answer 46

simple branched alveolar glands

Question 47

discharges sebum directly onto skin surface

Answer 47

sebaceous follicles