Ch7

Question 0

What us probably the single most important, original, depositional feature in sedimentary rocks

Answer 0

Bedding or stratification

Question 1

Flint, chert, and jasper are microcrystalline forms of

Answer 1

Quartz

Question 2

A graywacke is

Answer 2

A sandstone with sand grains embedded in a clay rich matrix

Question 3

Which of the following applies to the basic constituents of halite, gypsum, and sylvite

Answer 3

Transported as dissolved ions; deposited by evaporation

Question 4

Compaction is a very important part of lithification process for which of the folllowing sediments?

Answer 4

Mud

Question 5

Which characteristic is absolutely necessary for a sedimentary rock to have potential as a possible reservoir rock for oil or gas

Answer 5

High porosity

Question 6

A cherty limestone would contain which major constituents

Answer 6

Silica; calcite

Question 7

____ cement produces bright red and yellow colors on some sandstone

Answer 7

Iron oxide

Question 8

Studies of deep sea sediment views have contributed greatly to scientific knowledge of

Answer 8

Climatic changes during the last four million years

Question 9

Which of the following sedimentary features would typically be found in shales but not in sandstones?

Answer 9

Mud cracks

Question 10

Detrital sedimentary rocks are classified based on the

Answer 10

Grain sizes of the detrital particles

Question 11

Which of the following is not a type of limestone

Answer 11

Arkose

Question 12

____ a common mineral found in igneous rocks, is the most abundant mineral in detrital sedimentary rocks

Answer 12

Quartz

Question 13

Which of the folllowing sedimentary features can each be used to determine paleocurrent directions

Answer 13

Ripple marks and cross stratification

Question 14

Oolitic limestone is most likely to form in what type of depositional environment

Answer 14

Shallow, clear, marine waters with vigorous current activity

Question 15

Which of the following describes the correct order for relative solubility of minerals in sedimentary rocks

Answer 15

Evaporate minerals are more soluble than calcite and quartz

Question 16

Which type if limestone consists mainly of tiny, marine fossils composed of calcite

Answer 16

Chalk

Question 17

___ sandstone contains abundant feldspar, suggesting that the sand was derived by weathering and erosion if granitic bedrock

Answer 17

Arkosic

Question 18

Which of the following best describes bedding gypsum and halite

Answer 18

Evaporates, chemical, sedimentary rocks

Question 19

Sedimentary rocks account for about what percentage of the earths outermost 10km

Answer 19

5%

Question 20

What percentage of the earths continental area is covered by sedimentary rocks

Answer 20

75

Question 21

Coal beds originate in

Answer 21

Freshwater coastal swamps and bogs

Question 22

___ is a form a calcium carbonate

Answer 22

Travertine

Question 23

Which of the following sedimentary rocks would you expect to have orginally been deposited by fast moving streams

Answer 23

Conglomerate

Question 24

What is the main difference between conglomerate and breccia

Answer 24

Breccia clasts are angular, conglomerate clasts are rounded

Question 25

___ is not a common cementing aging for sandstone

Answer 25

Fluorite

Question 26

Boulder conglomerates suggest deposition by strong winds in a desert

Answer 26

False

Question 27

Chalk, coquina, and ancient coral reefs are primarily composed of microcrystalline quartz

Answer 27

False

Question 28

Clay and muddy sediments lithify to form shales and mudstones

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Detrital sedimentary rocks are classified according to clastic particle size; chemical sedimentary rocks are named according to the most abundant minerals

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Graywacke sandstones are typically better sorted than sandstones lithified from ancient beach sand

Answer 30

False

Question 31

Many limestones are biochemical in origin

Answer 31

True

Question 32

Mud cracks in a shake or mudstone indicate that the mud or clay was deposited in feels waters if an offshore marine environment

Answer 32

False

Question 33

Peat is thought to be the original material from which coal is formed

Answer 33

True

Question 34

The mineral dolomite, which is the major mineral of the sedimentary rock dolostone, is a carbonate of rich calcium and magnesium

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Water is gradually expelled from compacting clay and mud sediments

Answer 35

True