Ch7

Question 1

Genetics

Answer 1

Bio branch study of inheritance

Question 2

DNA

Answer 2

Deoxyribonucleic acid macromolecule containing many genes

Question 3

Gene

Answer 3

Portion of DNA codes for specific protein (pattern for protein construction)

Question 4

Protein

Answer 4

Manufactured by ribosomes, long chains of amino acids each with a particular code/sequence

Question 5

Chromosome

Answer 5

Organelle, part of nuclear material carrying hereditary information, contains cromatin

Question 6

3 components of DNA

Answer 6

Phosphate group, dexoxyribose sugars + nitrogenous base pair

Question 7

DNA nitrogenous base pairings

Answer 7

A - T (2 hydrogen bonds)

C - G (3 hydrogen bonds)

Question 8

Nucleotides

Answer 8

Free floating OR compose the DNA molecule

Question 9

RNA

Answer 9

Protein synthesis, single strand, 3 types

Question 10

m-RNA

Answer 10

During TRANSCRIPTION gene copied into m-RNA base sequence

Question 11

t-RNA

Answer 11

Protein synthesis of step 2 TRANSLATION m-RNA to t-RNA dictates the amino acid sequence to form a protein

Question 12

Codons

Answer 12

3 adjacent nucleotides on the m-RNA molecule, each codon codes for a specific amino acid

Question 13

Polymerase

Answer 13

Unzips DNA

Question 14

Starting DNA codon is always

Answer 14

TAC

Question 15

m-RNA 3 STOP codons

Answer 15

UAA (DNA stop ATT)
UAG (DNA stop ATC)
UGA (DNA pair ACT)

Question 16

3 options for DNA stop codons

Answer 16

ATT
ATC
ACT

Question 17

DNA has which codon that RNA doesn’t

RNA has which codon that DNA doesn’t

Answer 17

DNA, T

RNA, U

Question 18

Anticodon

Answer 18

Opposite of RNA codon sequence, determines which amino acid is picked up for translation by t-RNA

Question 19

m-RNA codon /t-RNA anticodon

Answer 19

A - U
U - A
G - C

Question 20

Location if codon/anticodon match

Answer 20

Ribosome

Question 21

Definition of protein

Answer 21

Long chain of specific amino acids in a very specific sequence

Question 22

E site on ribosome

Answer 22

t-RNA exit ramp

Question 23

Simultaneous transcription and translation can only occur in

Answer 23

Bacteria

Question 24

Last step in protein systhesis

Answer 24

Translation

Question 25

Released polypeptide chain =

Answer 25

a new protein

Question 26

Amino acid out of place

Answer 26

Generic mutation

Question 27

Sickle-cell anemia

Answer 27

Miscoded amino acid in hemoglobin of RBC, changes shape of hemoglobin cell in low oxygen levels

Question 28

DNA to DNA: what r the base pairs for TACG

Answer 28

T - A A - T C - G G - C

Question 29

DNA to RNA (transcription) base pairings T A C G

Answer 29

T - A A - U C - G G - C

Question 30

m-RNA to t-RNA (translation) base pairings A U G C

Answer 30

A - U U - A G - C C - G