changing patients behaviours, health promotion Flashcards
(14 cards)
5 Health behaviours
- health behaviour → aimed to prevent disease like good diet
- Illness behaviour → aimed to seek remedy (e.g. going to doctor)
- Sick role behaviour → aimed to get well (e.g. taking meds.)
- Health-impairing habits → ‘behavioural pathogens’ (e.g. smoking)
- Health protective behaviours → ‘behavioural immunogens’ (e.g. attending a health check)
Seven behaviours related to health status
Sleeping 7-8 hours a day
Having breakfast every day
Not smoking
Rarely eating between meals
Being near or at prescribed weight
Having moderate or no use of alcohol
Taking regular exercise
4 disadvantages of giving info
assumes that people just lack knowledge (of what they should be doing)
assume that improving knowledge changes attitude, creating the desire to change
can be seen as just ‘telling people what to do’
may even worsen health inequalities, disadvantaging those who have less access to, or desire for, information
INFLUENCING BEHAVIOUR CHANGE 6 things to make effective
- Persuasive communication and interaction
- Appropriate follow up
- CPD to ensure best practice
- Adherence to best practice guidelines
- Shorter interventions are more effective
- Targeting women and older people more effective
7 things that contribute to beliefs
Attribution theory
Health locus of control
Risk perception
Unrealistic optimism
Self-affirmation theory
Motivation
Self-efficacy
4 things that contribute to risk perceptions
Lack of personal experience with the problem
A belief that their individual actions can prevent the problem
The belief if the problem has not appeared it will not appear
The belief the problem is rare
3 things needed for motivation
Autonomy (‘I can manage my own behaviour’)
Competence (‘I can master my environment’)
Relatedness (‘I can develop close relationships with others’).
self-efficacy
Feeling confident in one’s ability to engage in any given behaviour
3 expectancies
Situation outcome expectancies: the expectancy a behaviour may be dangerous (e.g. ‘smoking can cause lung cancer’)
Outcome expectancies: the expectancy that a behaviour can reduce the harm to health (e.g. ‘stopping smoking can reduce the chances of lung cancer’)
Self-efficacy expectancies: the expectancy that the individual is capable of carrying out the desired behaviour (e.g. ‘I can stop smoking if I want to’
COM-B system
capability, physical ability
motivation, environment
opportunity, reflective/ autopmatic mechanism
7 variables with health belief model
susceptabnility, severity, costs, benefits, cues to action, health motivation, preceived control
3 pillars of health promotion:
Good Governance
Healthy Cities
Health Literacy
Theory of Planned Behaviour
components: Attitude towards the behaviour, Subjective norm
