Chap 2

Question 1

Who stated, “…that man through the use of his hands as they are energized by his mind and will can influence the state of his own health”?

Answer 1

Reilly

Question 2

T/F: According to research synthesized by Shikako-Thomas et. Al, children with disabilities are more likely to participate in informal activities, like reading and television, than formal activities, like art lessons and organized sports.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What is the study of human beings and their relationship to their environments?

Answer 3

Human Ecology

Question 4

What refers to the contexts and situations that occur outside individuals and elicit responses from them, including personal, institutional, and physical factors?

Answer 4

environments

Question 5

Which term refers to the congruence between a person and their environment?

Answer 5

Environmental fit

Question 6

Which theory suggests that optimal fit of activity and environment to a person’s goals, interests, and skills can lead to optimal participation in health?

Answer 6

Ecological theories ?

Question 7

Which approach uses operant conditioning in highly controlled environments in which a therapist gives a child an instruction and rewards the child for an appropriate response?

Answer 7

Applied Behavioral Interventions

Question 8

Which approach uses the environment to stimulate a child’s interest; once play occurs, the therapist creates challenges and rewards the child for their attempts?

Answer 8

Incidental Teaching

Question 9

Which approach has an emphasis on methods to promote generalization of learning by interspersing mastered tasks with learned tasks?

Answer 9

Pivotal Response Training

Question 10

Which type of approach is described in this intervention: building active range of motion?

Answer 10

Bottom-Up

Question 11

Which type of approach is described in this intervention: handwriting activities?

Answer 11

Bottom-Up

Question 12

. Which type of approach is described in this intervention: workspace modification?

Answer 12

Top-down

Question 13

Which type of approach is described in this intervention: social story recommendation?

Answer 13

Bottom-Up

Question 14

Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: supporting fathers in nurturing roles?

Answer 14

Nurturing and attachment

Question 15

Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: modeling desirable behaviors?

Answer 15

Knowledge of parenting and child development

Question 16

Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: stress management techniques?

Answer 16

Parental resilience

Question 17

Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: encouraging parents to join a playgroup?

Answer 17

Societal connections

Question 18

Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: suggesting disability group resources to parents?

Answer 18

Concrete supports for parents

Question 19

Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: praising parents for nurturing behaviors?

Answer 19

emotional competence of children

Question 20

What describes a systematic process of progressive acquisition of a new behavior through performance of successive acts that collectively represent a more advanced skill?

Answer 20

Shaping

Question 21

What describes the process of using reinforcement to modify behavior?

Answer 21

Instrumental/operant learning

Question 22

What describes the sequence of a stimulus reaction, then a behavioral response, followed by an environmental consequence?

Answer 22

Contingency of Behavior

Question 23

What approach uses a functional behavioral assessment to identify antecedents to a behavior that can be removed or modified from the environment?

Answer 23

Positive behavioral supports

Question 24

Which experience is best described in this intervention: Sally, an occupational therapy assistant, brings her client to a quiet and secluded corner. There, Sally directs the client to stack three blocks vertically in a color-coded sequence. Upon completing the task, Sally rewards her client with a handful of goldfish crackers.-

Answer 24

shaping techniques/operant learning

Question 25

Which experience is best described in this intervention: Josh, the occupational therapy assistant, prepares the classroom with a variety of fine motor manipulatives in advance. Josh brings his client in, and allows them to explore the environment. As Josh’s client selects different activities, Josh creates a challenge within the activity and supports his client to explore potential solutions.

Answer 25

Cognitive approach

Question 26

T/F: Cognitive approaches are preferred for children younger than 5 years old.

Answer 26

F

Question 27

Which approach encourages the modification of the demands of a task and environment to be congruent with a child’s ability level?

Answer 27

Adaptation approach

Question 28

What is defined as a reciprocal process between a professional and a learner that allows the learner to discover their own solutions?

Answer 28

Coaching

Question 29

Handwriting is an example of what kind of task?

Answer 29

Complex task: integration of info from a variety of sources and the application of underlying rules that guide the performance

Question 30

Cutting out a shape using scissors is an example of what kind of task?

Answer 30

closed-loop task

Question 31

Playing the piano is an example of what kind of task?

Answer 31

Environment stationary? closed-loop task

Question 32

Which type of extrinsic feedback would include a therapist telling their client a basketball is not being thrown high enough to make it into the basket?

Answer 32

Knowledge of result

Question 33

Which type of extrinsic feedback is told to extend his arm to successfully make a basket with a basketball?

Answer 33

Knowledge of performance

Question 34

T/F: According to research, extrinsic feedback supports autonomy in task completion

Answer 34

False- intrinsic

Question 35

Reduced, intermittent feedback helps children perform their best.

Answer 35

Reduced, intermittent feedback helps children perform their best.

Question 36

Which intervention is most appropriate for school-age children with behavioral problems to support improved social participation and peer relationships?

Answer 36

Yoga dyads

Question 37

Which intervention is most appropriate for school-age children with low social skills to support improved social participation and peer relationships?

Answer 37

arts and crafts groups

Question 38

Which intervention is most appropriate for middle school students with delayed social skills to support improved social participation and peer relationships?

Answer 38

After school, groups or cooking groups

Question 39

Which intervention is most appropriate for high school students with delayed social skills to support improved social participation and peer relationships?

Answer 39

cooking groups

Question 40

Which intervention is most appropriate for young adults with autism to support improved social participation and peer relationships?

Answer 40

special interests clubs