Chap 2 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chap 2 Deck (40)
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1
Q

Who stated, “…that man through the use of his hands as they are energized by his mind and will can influence the state of his own health”?

A

Reilly

2
Q

T/F: According to research synthesized by Shikako-Thomas et. Al, children with disabilities are more likely to participate in informal activities, like reading and television, than formal activities, like art lessons and organized sports.

A

True

3
Q

What is the study of human beings and their relationship to their environments?

A

Human Ecology

4
Q

What refers to the contexts and situations that occur outside individuals and elicit responses from them, including personal, institutional, and physical factors?

A

environments

5
Q

Which term refers to the congruence between a person and their environment?

A

Environmental fit

6
Q

Which theory suggests that optimal fit of activity and environment to a person’s goals, interests, and skills can lead to optimal participation in health?

A

Ecological theories ?

7
Q

Which approach uses operant conditioning in highly controlled environments in which a therapist gives a child an instruction and rewards the child for an appropriate response?

A

Applied Behavioral Interventions

8
Q

Which approach uses the environment to stimulate a child’s interest; once play occurs, the therapist creates challenges and rewards the child for their attempts?

A

Incidental Teaching

9
Q

Which approach has an emphasis on methods to promote generalization of learning by interspersing mastered tasks with learned tasks?

A

Pivotal Response Training

10
Q

Which type of approach is described in this intervention: building active range of motion?

A

Bottom-Up

11
Q

Which type of approach is described in this intervention: handwriting activities?

A

Bottom-Up

12
Q

. Which type of approach is described in this intervention: workspace modification?

A

Top-down

13
Q

Which type of approach is described in this intervention: social story recommendation?

A

Bottom-Up

14
Q

Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: supporting fathers in nurturing roles?

A

Nurturing and attachment

15
Q

Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: modeling desirable behaviors?

A

Knowledge of parenting and child development

16
Q

Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: stress management techniques?

A

Parental resilience

17
Q

Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: encouraging parents to join a playgroup?

A

Societal connections

18
Q

Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: suggesting disability group resources to parents?

A

Concrete supports for parents

19
Q

Which protective factor is supported by this strategy: praising parents for nurturing behaviors?

A

emotional competence of children

20
Q

What describes a systematic process of progressive acquisition of a new behavior through performance of successive acts that collectively represent a more advanced skill?

A

Shaping

21
Q

What describes the process of using reinforcement to modify behavior?

A

Instrumental/operant learning

22
Q

What describes the sequence of a stimulus reaction, then a behavioral response, followed by an environmental consequence?

A

Contingency of Behavior

23
Q

What approach uses a functional behavioral assessment to identify antecedents to a behavior that can be removed or modified from the environment?

A

Positive behavioral supports

24
Q

Which experience is best described in this intervention: Sally, an occupational therapy assistant, brings her client to a quiet and secluded corner. There, Sally directs the client to stack three blocks vertically in a color-coded sequence. Upon completing the task, Sally rewards her client with a handful of goldfish crackers.-

A

shaping techniques/operant learning

25
Q

Which experience is best described in this intervention: Josh, the occupational therapy assistant, prepares the classroom with a variety of fine motor manipulatives in advance. Josh brings his client in, and allows them to explore the environment. As Josh’s client selects different activities, Josh creates a challenge within the activity and supports his client to explore potential solutions.

A

Cognitive approach

26
Q

T/F: Cognitive approaches are preferred for children younger than 5 years old.

A

F

27
Q

Which approach encourages the modification of the demands of a task and environment to be congruent with a child’s ability level?

A

Adaptation approach

28
Q

What is defined as a reciprocal process between a professional and a learner that allows the learner to discover their own solutions?

A

Coaching

29
Q

Handwriting is an example of what kind of task?

A

Complex task: integration of info from a variety of sources and the application of underlying rules that guide the performance

30
Q

Cutting out a shape using scissors is an example of what kind of task?

A

closed-loop task

31
Q

Playing the piano is an example of what kind of task?

A

Environment stationary? closed-loop task

32
Q

Which type of extrinsic feedback would include a therapist telling their client a basketball is not being thrown high enough to make it into the basket?

A

Knowledge of result

33
Q

Which type of extrinsic feedback is told to extend his arm to successfully make a basket with a basketball?

A

Knowledge of performance

34
Q

T/F: According to research, extrinsic feedback supports autonomy in task completion

A

False- intrinsic

35
Q

Reduced, intermittent feedback helps children perform their best.

A

Reduced, intermittent feedback helps children perform their best.

36
Q

Which intervention is most appropriate for school-age children with behavioral problems to support improved social participation and peer relationships?

A

Yoga dyads

37
Q

Which intervention is most appropriate for school-age children with low social skills to support improved social participation and peer relationships?

A

arts and crafts groups

38
Q

Which intervention is most appropriate for middle school students with delayed social skills to support improved social participation and peer relationships?

A

After school, groups or cooking groups

39
Q

Which intervention is most appropriate for high school students with delayed social skills to support improved social participation and peer relationships?

A

cooking groups

40
Q

Which intervention is most appropriate for young adults with autism to support improved social participation and peer relationships?

A

special interests clubs