chap 4

Question 1

crackles

Answer 1

fine cracking or bubblings sounds during inspiration when there is fluid in the alveoli; RALES

Question 2

friction rub

Answer 2

dry, grating sound heard w/ a stethoscope during ausculation

Question 3

rhonchi

Answer 3

loud/coarse/snoring sounds (during inspiration or expiration) caused by obstructed airways

Question 4

stridor

Answer 4

high-pitched sound made on inspiration d/t obstruction in the trachea or larynx

Question 5

wheezes

Answer 5

continuous high-pitched whistling sounds (during expiration), from narrowing of an airway

Question 6

acidosis

Answer 6

excessive acidity of blood d/t a accumulation of acids or an excessive loss of bicarbonate

Question 7

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrom (ARDS)

Answer 7

Respiratory isufficiency marked by progressive hypoxia

Question 8

anoxia

Answer 8

total absence of exygen in body tissues

Question 9

atelectasis

Answer 9

collapse of lung tissue, preventing respiratory exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 10

consolidation

Answer 10

process of becoming solid, especially in connection with the lungs

Question 11

coryza

Answer 11

acute inflammation and nasal discarge; COLD

Question 12

croup

Answer 12

acute respiratory syndrome that occurs primarily in children and infants w/ laryngeal obstruction and spasm, barking cough, and stridor

Question 13

cystic fibrosis (CF)

Answer 13

genetic disease of exocrine glands (w/ thick mucus that do not drain normally) causing obstruction of passageways

Question 14

empyema

Answer 14

pus in a body cavity, especially in the pleural cavity

Question 15

epiglottitis

Answer 15

life-threatening infection of the epiglottis that occurs most commonly in children between ages 2-12

Question 16

epistaxis

Answer 16

hemorrhage from the nose; NOSEBLEED

Question 17

hypoxemia

Answer 17

deficiency of oxygen in the blood, usually a sign of respiratory impairment

Question 18

hypoxia

Answer 18

deficiency of oxygen in body tissues, usually a sign of respiratory impairment

Question 19

influenza

Answer 19

acute, contagious respirator infection characterized by sudden onset of fever, chills, headache, and muscle pain

Question 20

lung cancer

Answer 20

pulmonary malignancy commonly attributable to cigarette smoking

Question 21

pertussis

Answer 21

acute infectious disease refered to as WHOOPING COUGH

Question 22

pleural effusion

Answer 22

abnormal presence of fluid in the pleural cavity

Question 23

pneumothorax

Answer 23

collection of air in the pleural cavity, causig the complete or partial collapse of a lung

Question 24

Sudden Infant Death Sydndroms (SIDS)

Answer 24

completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently well or virtually well infant; CRIB DEATH

Question 25

aterial blood gas (ABG)

Answer 25

measurement of oxygen ad carbon dioxide content of arterial blood by various methods

Question 26

bronchoscopy

Answer 26

visual examination of the interior bronchi using a bronchoscope, a flexible fiberoptic instument w/ a light, which can be inserted through the nose or mouth

Question 27

chest x-ray

Answer 27

radiograph of the chest taken from the anteroposterior (AP) , posteroanterior (PA), or lateral projections

Question 28

computed tomography (CT)

Answer 28

radiographic technique that uses a narrow beam of x-rays that rotates in a full arc around the patient to acquire multiple views of the body that a computer interprets to produce cross-sectional images of that body part

Question 29

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Answer 29

radiographic technique that uses electromagnetic energy to produce multiplanar cross-sectional images of the body

Question 30

Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)

Answer 30

variety of tests to determine the capcity of the lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently

Question 31

Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)

Answer 31

Measurment of the amount of air that can be forecefully exhaled from the lungs after the deepest inhalation

Question 32

Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1)

Answer 32

Measurement of the volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled during the first second of measuring the FVC

Question 33

Spirometry

Answer 33

Measurement of FVC and FEV1, producing a tracing on a graph

Question 34

Postural drainage

Answer 34

use of body positioning to assist in removal of secretions from specific lobes of the lung, bronchi, or lung cavities

Question 35

Bronchodilators

Answer 35

drugs used to increase airflow by dilating constricted airways through relaxation of the smooth muscles that surround the bronchioles and bronchi

Question 36

corticosteroids

Answer 36

hormonal agents that recuce tissue edema and inflammation associated w/ chronic lung disease

Question 37

Nebulized Mist Treatment (NMT)

Answer 37

Therapy that uses a device to produce a fine spray that delivers medication directly into the lungs