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Small gas engines > Chap. 4 Summary > Flashcards

Chap. 4 Summary Flashcards

1
Q

The smallest part of an element that can exist:

A

An atom

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2
Q

An atom consists of :

A

Electrons, Protons, & Neutrons

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3
Q

[———] travel in orbits around the center, or nucleus, of the atom.

A

Electrons

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4
Q

Electrons have what type of electrical charges?

A

Negative

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5
Q

A nucleus is made up of [—–] and [——-] that are bound tightly together.

A

Protons and neutrons

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6
Q

Protons have [——] charge

A

positive

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7
Q

Neutrons carry what kind of charges

A

neutral

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8
Q

The number of protons and electrons is [———] in any atom.

A

equal

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9
Q

When bound electrons are in the majority of an element or compounded material, the material is an [———-]

A

insulator

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10
Q

Conductors are :

A

Materials that contain atoms with free electrons.

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11
Q

When will the flow of free electrons take place?

A

Only when there is a complete circuit and the source produces a difference in electrical potential in the circuit.

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12
Q

There are two types of ejectrical current found in small engine applications:

A

Direct current (DC) & alternating current (AC)

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13
Q

Direct current flows:

A

in one direction only.

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14
Q

How does alternating current flow?

A

In one direction, stops, and then flows in the opposite direction.

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15
Q

What is an Ampere (A)?

A

A measurement of the number of electrons flowing past any given point in a specific period of time.

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16
Q

The difference in electrical potential between two points in a circuit is measured in what?

A

(v) Volts

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17
Q

Resistance to electron flow is measured in:

A

Ohms

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18
Q

What is Ohms law used for?

A

To calculate an unknown circuit value when two other values are known.

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19
Q

What things do all circuits consist of?

A

A source of electricity, a load, and electrical conductors that connect the source to the load.

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20
Q

There are [—-] basic types of electrical circuits.

A

3

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21
Q

What are the 3 basic types of electrical circuits:

A

Series circuits
Parallel circuits
series -parallel circuits

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22
Q

What happens in a series circuit?

A

Current flows from the power source to each device in turn and then flows back to the source.

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23
Q

What kind of circuits have more than one path for the current to flow in the circuit?

A

Parallel

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24
Q

What kind of circuits have some electrical devices connected in series and others in parallel?

A

Series Parallel circuits

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25
Q

All magnets produce:

A

A magnetic field.

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26
Q

What happens when a wire is moved past a magnet?

A

The magnetic field is cut by the wire and current flows in the wire.

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27
Q

What is developed around a conductor when electrons flow through the conductor?

A

A magnetic field

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28
Q

The electrical wire used in small engine applications generally consists of:

A

A metal conductor that is encased in plastic insulation.

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29
Q

Wire and cable sizes are expressed how:

A

By a gauge number.

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30
Q

What is indicated by the gauge number of wires and cables:

A

The cross- sectional area of the conductor.

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31
Q

What is used to control the flow of current in an electric circuit?

A

A switch

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32
Q

There are many types of [——-] used in small engines and related implements.

A

Switches

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33
Q

What is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy?

A

A solenoid

34
Q

Another name for mechanical energy:

A

Motion

35
Q

What consists of a coil of wire that surrounds a metal rod or plunger?

A

A Solenoid

36
Q

Relays are used as what

A

electrical switches.

37
Q

What do relays that are used as electrical switches, do?

A

Allow a relatively low current to be used to control a high current

38
Q

An electrical device designed to increase or decrease voltage or current levels is a:

A

Transformer

39
Q

What devices are used to protect a circuit from excessive current flow.

A

Circuit protection devices

40
Q

What do common circuit protection devices include?

A

Fuses.
Fusable links.
circuit breakers.

41
Q

What term is used to refer to any electrical component, assembly, circuit, or system that uses semi conductor devices?

A

Electronics

42
Q

A two-element solid-state electronic device that acts as a one-way valve:

A

A semiconductor diode

43
Q

What does a semiconductor diode do?

A

Conduct current in one direction and remain nonconductive in the reverse direction.

44
Q

A solid-state device that can be used as a switch:

A

A transistor

45
Q

A length of wire with alligator clips attached to each end:

A

A jumper wire

46
Q

A jumper wire can be used for what purposes?

A

To bypass components or to apply source voltage directly to a component.

47
Q

A test light is used for what?

A

To check for continuity or the presence of voltage in an electrical circuit.

48
Q

Voltmeters measure:

A

voltage

49
Q

Ammeter measure:

A

Current

50
Q

Ohmmeters measure:

A

resistance

51
Q

Voltmeters, ammeters and ohmmeters are generally combined in a single piece of test equipment called a :

A

Multimeter

52
Q

Continuity

A

The presence of a complete path for current flow

53
Q

An atom contains:

A

Electrons, Neutrons, and Protons

54
Q

Electrons have what kind of electrical charge?

A

Negative

55
Q

[T - or- F]

Bound electrons are closely held electrons that never leave the atom.

A

True

56
Q

Electricity can be produced how?

A

chemically, mechanically and statically

57
Q

[T-or-F]
Alernating current is produced by a battery

A

False

58
Q

Volts are:

A

units of measurement used to find the difference in electrical potential between two points in a circuit.

59
Q

ohms law

A

I = E/R

60
Q

In a series circuit, [——-] is the same in all parts of the curcuit.

A

Current

61
Q

In a parallel curcuit,[————] is the same in all parts of the circuit

A

Voltage

62
Q

[True - or- False]

Voltage drop is the decrease in voltage as current passes through a resistance.

A

True

63
Q

[True-or-False]

The magnetic field that surrounds a magnet leaves the south pole of the magnet and re-enters through the north pole.

A

True

64
Q

When electrons flow through a conductor, a [—————] is developed around the conductor

A

magnetic field

65
Q

[True-or-False]

The larger the diameter of a wire or cable, the larger the gauge number size.

A

False

66
Q

[True-or-False]
A switch is used to control the flow of current in an electric circuit

A

True

67
Q

A solenoid converts electrical energy into [——-] energy.

A

Mechanical [Motion]

68
Q

Solid-state devices are made from [————-] materials.

A

semiconductor

69
Q

[True-or-False]
A diode acts as a one-way valve.

A

True

70
Q

Powered test lights are used to check for [————] in a circuit.

A

Continuity

71
Q

[True-or-False]
When measuring current, the ammeter should be connected in series with the circuit

A

True

72
Q

When using an [————–] the power must be off in the circuit being tested.

A

Ohmmeter

73
Q

Explain why current is created in a conductor that is moved past a magnet.

A

? Because the magnetic field increases?

74
Q

What is the benefit of using a stranded conductor?

A

They are more flexible than solid conductors. They are ideal for use in high-vibration applications, which might weaken or break a solid conductor.

75
Q

In what applications would stranded wire be used in a small engine powered implement?

A

High vibration applications.

76
Q

@@@? Why does the number of turns in each coil of a transformer affect the voltage produced at the output?

A
77
Q

When replacing a fuse, why is it important to use a replacement with the same current rating as the blown fuse?

A

Because if you use one eith a higher current rating, it can allow too much current to flow in a curcuit, potentially damaging the circuit and causing an electrical fire.

78
Q

What advantages do transistors have over relays?

A

The transistor is much smaller than a relay and has no moving parts to wear out.

79
Q

What types of problems could cause excessive resistance in an electric circuit?

A
80
Q

Electronic switching devices have replaced mechanical switches in small engine ignition systems. What advantages do you think these electronic devices offer over their mechanical predecessors?

A
81
Q

Is it acceptable to use jumper wires to bypass a blown fuse? Explain why or why not.

A
82
Q

Electric motors have replaced small engines on a number of handheld yard implements, such as string trimmers and leaf blowers. What are the advantages and disadvantages of these electric motor-driven implements?

A

Small gas engines (7 decks)

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