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Small gas engines > Chapter 6. Summary > Flashcards

Chapter 6. Summary Flashcards

1
Q

What component keeps all engine parts in alignment?

A

The engine block

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2
Q

what materials are usually used to make engine blocks

A

casted iron or an aluminum alloy.

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3
Q

The engine block consists of two sections:

A

The cylinder block
and the crankcase.

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4
Q

What is the portion of the engine block that contains the cylinder bore?

A

The cylinder block

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5
Q

What portion of the enginr block contains the crankshaft?

A

The crank case

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6
Q

Which part is the major rotating part of the engine?

A

The Crankshaft

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7
Q

What is the straight line driving member of the engine?

A

The piston

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8
Q

what is the purpose of the piston?

A

To provide a seal between the combustion chamber and the crankcase.

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9
Q

How does the piston provide a seal between the combustion chamber and the crankcase

A

by grooves being cut into the piston near the top and piston rings being i stalled on the piston.

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10
Q

What would happen to the engine without piston rings?

A

The piston could not compress the fuel charge properly, and burning gases would leak out between the sides of the pisto and the cylunder wall.

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11
Q

How many piston rings do most pistons use?

A

Three

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12
Q

If a piston uses three rings; what two ring types do they usually consist of?

A

The upper two = compression rings.
The lower ring = an oil control ring.

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13
Q

What secures the piston to the connecting rod?

A

The piston pin

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14
Q

what attaches the piston to the crankshaft?

A

The connecting rod

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15
Q

How does the connecting rod attach the piston to the crankshaft?

A

The upper end has a hole that the piston pin is passed through.

The lower end has a large bearing that fits around the crankshaft journal.

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16
Q

What has to occur during normal engine operation?

A

A fresh air-fuel mixture must be admitted to the engine and once its burned , the waste products have to be exhausted.

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17
Q

How is the process of admitting a fresh air-fuel mixture into an engine then exhausting the waste products carried out?

A

By using ports that are alernately covered and exposed by the piston
( two-stroke cycle design)
or by using poppet valves to open and close the port openings ( four-stroke cycle design).

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18
Q

What is the purpose of a camshaft in four-stroke engines?

A

To open the valves the right amount at the right time.

19
Q

What does the valve train consist of?

A

All of the components that work together to transform the rotation of the crankshaft into the opening and closing of the valves.

20
Q

During the non power strokes, what keeps the crankshaft spinning and smoothes engine operation?

A

The inertia of the heavy flywheel

21
Q

What do all small gasoline engines have

A

some provision for spinning the crankshaft during engine starting.

22
Q

What are the two things that can be used as the provision for spinning the crankshaft during engine starting?

A

A recoil rope starter assembly or an electric starter

23
Q

what do some small engines have to make hand cranking easier?

A

an automatic compression release mechanism on the camshaft

24
Q

What does an automatic compression release mechanism on the camshaft do that makes hand cranking easier?

A

It lifts the exhaust valve slightly during cranking and releases part ofbthe compression pressure.

25
Q

The two main sections of an engine block are the

A

A: Cylinder block and crankcase

26
Q

Aluminum cylinder blocks sometimes cast around a(n)_______ sleeve

A

B: Steel

27
Q

[True or False]
The crankshaft converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion

A

True

28
Q

All of the following are used as crankshaft main bearings, except_____________

A

C: Lip bearings

29
Q

Each of the following is a type of crankshaft main bearing, except

A

D: groove

30
Q

[True Or False]
The piston provides a seal between the crankcase and the combustion chamber.

A

True

31
Q

Most pistons use ______ piston rings

A

C: Three

32
Q

The ridges between the piston grooves are known as the piston__________

A

B: Lands

33
Q

The piston______ keeps the piston from tipping from side to side

A

A: Skirt

34
Q

[True or False]
Floating piston rings are installed with their end gaps aligned.

A

False

35
Q

What are placed in grooves in the piston pin bosses to prevent full floating pins from rubbing on the cylinder surface.

A

B: Snap rings

36
Q

A piston pin may turn in _____

A

A: Piston bosses
B: Bushings
C: needle bearings

37
Q

______ Friction bearings are used in the big end of the connecting rod

A

D: All of the above

38
Q

(True or False)
Antifriction bearings use rollers or balls to reduce friction between moving parts.

A

True

39
Q

In two-stroke engines, the intake and exhaust ports are
alternately covered and exposed by the_______ as it moves up and down in the cylinder.

A

B: Piston

40
Q

Four-stroke engines use_____
valves to open and close port openings.

A

Poppet?

41
Q

Most small four-stroke engines contain a single camshaft with how many cam lobes for each valve?

A

A: one

42
Q

(True or False)
The crankshaft turns the same speed as the camshaft

A

False

43
Q

(True or False)
Automatic compressionà

A

Small gas engines (7 decks)

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